The Internet is gradually replacing other methods of disseminating information, but television is still thriving. Satellite television is gradually becoming more popular than other broadcasting methods, but in order to access free channels regularly, you need to have an understanding of how satellites work.
Satellite operation
Television satellites are in orbit around the planet at the equator and constantly rotate with it.
So, each satellite covers a certain territory of the Earth with its signal, which, in fact, determines which channels are on which satellite, because certain parts of the planet are inhabited by different nations.
Antenna operation
An antenna for a satellite is a “dish” that collects a signal from space at its center and amplifies it to a certain stability. To receive high-quality broadcasts from distant satellites, you need to install a large-diameter antenna. A converter is installed in the center of each “plate”, which picks up the signals, further converting them into sounds and images, transmitting them to the receiver. The latter is installed directly next to the TV and plays the role of a receiver. It finally decodes the signal and transmits the resulting image directly to the screen. To do this, it has special software installed, which determines which channels from which satellites the device will receive (only free, paid, or previously encrypted due to the installation of new software).
Advantages of satellite broadcasting
Among the advantages are:
- excellent quality of transmitted image and sound;
- unlimited choice of channels (almost all television stations available today broadcast on satellite frequencies);
- a large number of free channels;
- ability to record broadcasts;
- wide availability (regardless of region of residence);
- low cost of equipment;
- the ability to view the program schedule directly in the system options.
If there were fewer items on this list, perhaps television would not have gained such popularity today.
Flaws
The main disadvantage is that, regardless of which channels are broadcast on which satellite, in bad weather the signal will disappear. Meteor dependence is especially evident when the sky is heavily clouded, or it is raining or snowing. The quality of the signal also depends on the direction of the antenna; its converter must face south, since all satellites are located in the equator region.
If there is an obstacle in the space between the antenna and the satellite, the signal will be lost. A striking example: the converter is entwined with grapes, flowers, or the appearance of a new tree.
The receiver also needs to be serviced periodically, since channels change encodings from time to time and disappear from the screens.
Installation and broadcasting features
A detailed list of which channels and on which satellites broadcast their broadcasts will be presented below. The main feature in this matter is the choice: watch only free channels or purchase a specific package from a satellite television provider.
If they want to watch their favorite programs and not pay monthly fees for it, consumers most often order a set of two antennas for installation. This allows you to expand the list of received channels to signals from Eutelsat W4, Astra 4.9 (Sirius), ABS, Yamal and Hotbird satellites.
Which satellite will show more Russian channels depends on the model of the receiver and its operating system. Thus, many channels are now switching to broadcasting in HD quality, but older models of receivers do not support this and, even when receiving a signal, will not be able to display the image on the TV screen.
Absolutely all television channels are broadcast in the C or Ku bands, which differ in frequencies.
on ABS
This satellite operates in the Ku band and covers almost the entire territory of Eurasia, therefore it is very popular among Russians. There is only one paid package on the satellite - MTS-TV, the rest of the channels are freely available.
So, which satellite has more channels with Russian-language content? Let's count together. The ABS satellite offers the following channels for viewing:
- RU TV;
- "TNT4";
- "Friday";
- "Moscow trust";
- "Moscow 24";
- "TV3 +4";
- TV TOP SHOP;
- "RBC";
- "Belarus 24";
- "TV3 +2";
- "Star";
- "TRO";
- Fashion TV;
- "World 24";
- "World";
- "Tochka TV";
- "World +4";
- "TNT4 +2";
- "Together RF";
- "My world";
- "TNT";
- "Channel 8";
- "TV channel 360 (Moscow region)";
- "TNT" +4 and +7;
- Shopping TV;
- "Union";
- "2X2" and "2X2 Ural";
- "Horse World";
- "Kaleidoscope";
- "World of HD".
Astra satellites
It is impossible to answer which channels are broadcast on which satellites, knowing only their names. Astra, for example, is represented by four satellites that distribute their signal to different territories. Two of them do not have Russian-language channels at all, the third broadcasts "Peretz international", and the latter is popular in Ukraine, since most of the channels are Ukrainian and in the public domain. Ukrainian pay television Viasat-Ukraine also distributes its signal on it.
The Amos satellite also broadcasts mainly Ukrainian channels, but also carries some Hungarian, Romanian and Israeli channels on its frequencies.
Hotbird channels
This source of information distributes signals from many TV channels throughout Europe and our country. Its pay TV packages include only foreign offers, while Russian-language ones are freely available. Among them:
- "RBC";
- "TNT";
- "News";
- "RTR Planet";
- "Chanson";
- "Russia 24";
- euronews;
- RU-TV;
- MusicBox Russia;
- TV RUS;
- "STS";
- "K+";
- "ORT" ("1 channel");
- "ORT" HD;
- "New world";
- "NTV World";
- "Russian Bestseller";
- 8 TV RU;
- "Present time";
- "Union" and so on.
On what other satellite can Russian channels be found in large quantities? Of course, this is Yamal.
on the Yamal satellite
This source of information is also available in space in several variations under one name. Each of its varieties carries on board a wide list of publicly available ones and distributes them in different ranges.
Among its information flows, citizens are most interested in:
- "TNT";
- "REN-TV";
- "Disney";
- "Home";
- "Russia 24";
- "Star";
- "Russia 2";
- "TV3";
- "NTV";
- "STS";
- "NTV";
- "Pepper";
- "Yu" and others.
More satellites
On which satellites which channels will be more preferable? It depends on the area where you live. Thus, the Express satellite broadcasts its frequencies especially for residents of the Far East, the Urals and Siberia. On board there are paid channel packages and free ones, but with a time shift relative to Moscow. There is also specialized broadcasting for Siberia on the Bonum satellite.
If you choose a satellite solely by the number of free channels, then from the remaining list you can select “Horizon”, “Express”, “AzerSpice” and “Intelsat”. The latter is also popular due to the large number of radio stations. Among the less common options, Russian-language channels can be found in small quantities on the Asiasat satellite.
Paid popularity
Which satellites have which channels? This is approximately understandable, now you should understand the popularity of such an information source as Eutelsat W4, because it is not mentioned anywhere in the above list. The peculiarity of this satellite is that its broadcasting provides nationwide broadcasting of such paid channel packages as Tricolor and NTV-Plus. It is precisely because of the maximum popularity of these operators among the population that this satellite has gained popularity in our country. Of course, almost all the channels on it are encrypted and are opened only to subscribers after payment, but you can also find in its list the open frequencies of the Orthodox Soyuz and Kazan TNV.
Conclusion
So which satellites have the most Russian channels? It all depends on the desire to watch free broadcasts or purchased channel packages from popular operators. In most cases, citizens prefer to save money and prefer the need to periodically change the settings of their receivers. In this case, it is best to point your antennas at the Yamal, ABS or HotBird satellites. At the same time, you should be prepared for the fact that from time to time you will have to pay a certain amount to a specialist who can return the missing channels, and they will definitely disappear over time. Also, free television (even on satellite broadcasts) rarely provides subscribers with good picture and sound quality. The operation of such equipment is very dependent on the weather, and you will have to pay extra for each breakdown.
Paid operators offer their subscribers more favorable conditions, since the quality of their broadcasting is always at the highest level and at the same time, weather dependence is not so strongly felt. Operators also offer clients professional service for specialized equipment in the event of a breakdown. At the same time, the broadcasting of channels also spreads equally well over the entire territory of the country, the main thing is that there is a sky above it. Maybe it is thanks to such qualitative advantages that the majority of subscribers today switch to paid satellite television operators and are ready to pay a fixed amount for the timely elimination of any problems.
Paid operators regularly offer new customers promotional offers for connecting and purchasing channel packages. Such ways to save have always attracted people, and this case is no exception. There are more and more subscribers willing to pay to watch their favorite programs. Of course, there are also many owners and those who want to install a “plate” for free use.
Open Russian-language broadcasts are accepted in "KU" and "C" formats. The first is more common in European countries, used for domestic purposes, and can be used on small equipment. The “C” standard is used for professional purposes, is widespread in Russia and Asian countries, and has extensive coverage areas. As a rule, it works on large antennas.
Some channels (see list below) are encoded in BISS. This is a conditional coding system, the keys to which can be found freely available on the Internet.
The table contains programs with a numerical sign, for example, Russia 1+2h. This means that the transmission occurs with an offset of plus two hours from Moscow time.
C range Russia 24, RGVK Dagestan, GTRK Vainah/Alania, RTRS Novgorod, Russia 24 Karelia, Match, NTV, channel 5, Russia K, Karusel, OTR, TV Center Ural, REN TV, Spas, STS, Domashny, TV3, Friday , Zvezda, Mir, TNT, Muz TV C/KU range BISS GTRK Dagestan, Russia 1, Russia 1 Novgorod KU range NNTV
Express AM22 80EKU range 5 channel+7ch, Russia K+7ch, Carousel+7ch, Shop 24, 24 Krim, Carousel+3ch, Discount, Let's Go, Three Angels, Bridge TV, Synergy, RTG, 1 Krim, Match, NTV+7ch, OTR , TV Center Far East, Russia 24h KU range BISS Russia 1+6h, Russia 1+8h
Express AM33 96.5EC band 5 channel+4ch, Russia K+4ch, 5channel+7ch, Russia K+7ch, TRK Irkutsk KU band 10 channel, STS Kuzbass, Studio Fakt, TV Luch, Yenisei C/KU band BISS Russia 1+4ch, GTRK Novosibirsk /Gorny Altai/Perm/Kurgan/Buryatia/Krasnoyarsk/Tomsk, Russia 1+6h, Russia 1+8h,
ABS 2A 75EKU range TV Channel 360 HD, Tnomer, Moscow 24, Moscow, TopShop, BelRos, Yu, Fashion TV, RT Doc HD, Nadezhda, Mir Premium, TNT+4ch, LDPR, TNT, Red Line, E, Horse World, World 24 HD , Greater Asia, TNV Planet, GTRK Grozny, InterAz, RUTV, TV3+4h, Friday+2h, Match! Planet, TNT 4, Super, Our Theme, Shopping Live, 2x2, Friday! Int, World Premium, Belarus 24 KU range BISS Disney Channel
Yamal 401 90EC band Nord TV, TV Center, Spas, First Regional Chelyabinsk, CNL Siberia, Yar-Sale, TV Center Siberia, Zvezda+7ch, Zvezda+2ch, NTV+7ch, TNT+7ch, TV Mall, Shop Live, Shop&Show, TV3 +7h, Friday+4h, TV Center Far East, First Educational, My Joy, Tnomer, Russia 1, Russia 24, Friday+7h, 2x2+7h, TNT4+7h, Shop24, Zvezda+4h, Super+7h, TV3+ 2h, Karusel+7h, REN TV+4h, Home+4h, STS+4h, Mir+4h, Muz TV C/KU range BISS Russia 1 Chita, GTRK Bira/Tver/Gorny Altai/Yamal/Far Eastern, Match, Disney+ 7ch, Che+7ch, Che+4ch KU range Russian MusicBox, Shop24, Muz Soyuz, Muz TV, Yu+7ch, Humor TV, 7TV, Chanson, channel 8, REN TV+7ch, CTS Love+7ch, TNT Music, TNT4 +5h, TNT+2h, 2x2+2h, Izvestia, Super+4h, Channel 8 Krasnoyarsk, Channel One+2h, Channel 5+2h, Russia 24, GTRK Yugoria, Ugra TV, NTV+2h, Match, Russia K+2h , Yamal Tazovsky/Nadym/Salekhard/Aksarka/Yar-Sale/Mugi/Krasnoselkup/Tarko-Sale, Amur Regional TV, Studio Fakt, OTV Primorye, Business 24, Angel TV, SBN Global, TBN Russia, World Network, TNT+4ch , Russia 24, NTV+4ch, Yuvelirochka
Express AM6 53EC band RTRS Tyumen/Ural/Perm, Russia 24 Tyumen/Ural/Perm, Match!, NTV, channel 5, Russia K, Karusel, OTR, TV Center Moscow, Russia 24, channel 5+4ch, Russia K+4ch, REN TV, Spas, STS, Home, TV3, Friday, Zvezda, Mir, TNT, Muz TV, NTV+2ch, Russia K+2ch, Karusel+2ch, TV Center Ural, STS+2ch, Home+2ch, TV3+2ch, Friday+2h, Zvezda+2h, Mir+2h, TNT+2h, Muz TV, RTRS Ural C/KU range BISS Russia 1+4h, Russia 1, Match KU range Samara Gubernskoe TV, TRC Nadym
Horizons 2 84.8EKU range Soyuz, Yuvelirochka, Channel 8, Raz TV, 7TV, STS Love, Katun 24, TBM, O!2, Dog and Cat, GTRK Omsk, Success, TV Mall, OTR, TTS, Home Store, TopShop, Boom TV, Spike Russia, Muz TV, Your Home, Promotion Moscow, World of Belogorye, World 24, TDK, Yu, Spas, TNT Music
Intelsat 15 85EKU range Bashkir satellite TV, Showcase, Tiji Russia, Zvezda, Nano TV, Shop 24
Yamal 202 49E HotBird 13KU range 8 channel Int, Boutique, NTV Mir, Channel One Europe, Russia 24, RT News, MusicBox, Chanson, Soyuz, STS International, TNT International
The main part of the satellites (Express AM 6, 7, 22, 33; ABS; Yamal 401/202; Horizons 2 & Intelsat 15) are eastern. Connection is only possible from a window or wall facing in this direction. Most are located close to each other, this makes it possible to receive a signal on one dish without the use of rotating mechanisms. Two feeds are installed on the antenna - in the main and side focus. Everyone tunes in to receive their companion. This method is also called the “multi-feed system”. But since only one satellite will be in the main focus, it is recommended to purchase a large antenna.
Hotbird will require visibility to the southwest to operate. There are not many programs in Russian, but there are a large number of European, Asian, and African programs.
The rotary system allows you to cover the maximum number of Russian channels. Operating principle: the installer tunes the antenna to the selected satellites and remembers the positions. The motor moves the plate along the axis according to the positions stored in memory. The choice of option is made from the TV remote control. Advantages - no need to connect several antennas, large list of channels. Disadvantages: the need to wait for switching between satellites, the system can only be controlled from one main TV.
BISS keys to Russian channels
The keys are entered manually through the menu of the satellite set-top box, which must support the BISS operating mode (Openbox, GI receivers and others).
| Name | Ident | Key | ||
| Express AM22 80 | ||||
| Russia 1+6h | 0005 | 0327022С106251С3 | ||
| Russia 1+8h | 0002 | 0327022С106251С3 | ||
| Express AM33 96.5 | ||||
| Russia 1+4h | 0006 | 0327022C106251C3 | ||
| Russia 1 Novosibirsk | 0001 | 0327022C106251C3 | ||
| Russia 1 Altai | 0001 | 0327022C106251C3 | ||
| Russia 1 Perm | 0001 | 0327022C106251C3 | ||
| Russia 1 Trans-Urals | 0001 | 0327022C106251C3 | ||
| Russia 1+6h | 0002 | 0327022C106251C3 | ||
| Russia 1+8h | 0005 | 0327022C106251C3 | ||
| Russia Buryatia | 0001 | 0327022C106251C3 | ||
| Russia Irkutsk | 0001 | 0327022C106251C3 | ||
| Russia, Krasnoyarsk | 0001 | 0327022C106251C3 | ||
| TV Tomsk | 0001 | 0327022C106251C3 | ||
| ABS 2A 75 | ||||
| Disney | 0640 | 6BA1E5F174BBCAF9 | ||
| Yamal 401 90 | ||||
| Russia 1 Chita | 0001 | 0327022C106251C3 | ||
| Russia 1 Birobidzhan | 0010 | 0327022C106251C3 | ||
| Russia 1 Tver | 000E | C12345676789AB9B | ||
| Russia 1 Altai | 0001 | 0327022C106251C3 | ||
| Match! | 0011 | 2608396712043811 | ||
| STS+7h | 000A | C12345296789AB9B | ||
| EC+7h | 000F | ABC1238F45678935 | ||
| Home+7h | 0010 | D12345396789AB9B | ||
| STS+4h | 0007 | C12345296789AB9B | ||
| Home+4h | 0007 | D12345396789AB9B | ||
| Che+4h | 0009 | ABC1238F45678935 | ||
| Russia 1+7h | 0001 | 3300003300443377 | ||
| Express AM6 53 | ||||
| Russia 1+4h | 0006 | 0327022C106251C3 | ||
| Russia 1 | 0002 | 0327020010625100 | ||
| Match | 0011 | 2608390012043800 | ||
| Yamal 202 49E | ||||
| Russia 1 Karelia | 0001 | 0327022C106251C3 | ||
| Russia 1 Kursk | 0001 | 0327020010625100 | ||
| Russia 1 Vologda | 0001 | 0327020010625100 | ||
| State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company Kostroma | 0001 | 0327022C106251C3 | ||
| Pomorie | 0001 | 0327020010625100 | ||
| Russia 1 Tyumen | 0002 | 0327020010625100 | ||
| Russia 1 Yamal | 0001 | 0327020010625100 | ||
| Russia 1 Yugoria | 0001 | 0327020010625100 | ||
| Express AM7 40 | ||||
| Udmurtia | 0001 | 0327020010625100 | ||
Equipment for digital television is what you can buy in our store. Our company has been operating in the market of broadcast and satellite equipment since 2003 and we already know most of our clients by sight.
For regular customers of our online store there is a system of discounts, which are calculated automatically according to the coupon number assigned to you personally.
All equipment undergoes pre-sale preparation, namely, the latest version of software is installed on satellite and terrestrial set-top boxes. All receivers are tested for functionality.
Our company delivers equipment both in Moscow and throughout Russia. Most courier delivery companies have agreements on preferential delivery prices.
In our online store you can find almost any equipment that you may need to receive satellite and terrestrial television. We have tried to make the ordering process convenient for anyone. If you plan to order not one item, but several, then you can use the store search and pay attention to the accompanying equipment. If you want to pick up equipment for receiving satellite TV, then you should go to the tab menu “Satellite TV”, if to receive terrestrial or cable TV, then “Terrestrial TV”, etc. If you have questions during the ordering process, you can use the online chat, which is located on each page of the online store, or request a call back.
We hope that in the online digital TV store you can spend a minimum amount of time ordering the required equipment.
Today, many providers offer satellite TV for a small fee and provide access to watch a large number of TV programs in varying quality. The article will discuss how to connect and watch satellite channels for free.
Television delivery principle
The provider programs the convector in such a way that the user can also access encoded programs, but to continue viewing, a fee must be paid.
In addition to the supply of television, the operator’s services include customer support and service. But this does not prevent the user from independently purchasing the necessary equipment and configuring it to a specific satellite.
They broadcast two types of programs:- Coded.
Paid content that requires payment to be viewed. It is unlocked using the CAM module in the receiver, into which the provider’s payment card is inserted. - Open.
These programs are not protected by blocking and are available for viewing from any equipment capable of receiving a signal from a satellite. You can watch them for free.
Difference between Pay and Free TV
If we compare independent TV connection and through a provider,
There are several advantages to the latter option:- Watching scrambled TV channels,
which, together with open source software in general, provide more content. - Customer service.
All concerns regarding technical support and television performance are taken upon by the operator. - Ease of viewing.
The user can independently select the desired tariff, which is supplied in packages of channels.
From this we can conclude that paid viewing is more comfortable and of higher quality.
But this does not prevent the user from independently connecting, activating and watching paid content for home TV, and free broadcasting can be used as satellite television in the country.
What programs are available for viewing
Due to the vast territory and relatively flat terrain in Russia, signal reception from almost a dozen satellites is available. Through some of them television is supplied by operators.
Below is a table showing the active satellites and the number of main programs:| Repeater | Number of available channels | Frequency, MHz |
| 100+ (Russian speakers) | ||
| 40+ | ||
| Eutelsat-36A/36B | 12 | |
| HotBird 13B/C/E | 100+ (Russian speakers) | |
| 30+ | ||
| 12 | 11513 - 11635 (V) |
|
| Express-AMZ/6 | 14 | |
| 20 | 11265 - 12522 (V) |
Amos and HotBird are characterized by such inconveniences as broadcasting with a deviation of 2-3 hours. Because of this, the user no longer receives a live broadcast.
This problem only affects a number of programs, including Russian-language TV channels.
How to connect
To get free satellite TV, you just need to buy equipment to receive the signal.
Depending on the format of the television organization, the set may be different:- Plate.
It is always present and is necessary to focus the radiation precisely on the head. When choosing, you need to focus on the size. In mountainous areas and highlands, a reflector with a diameter of 0.6 m will be sufficient. For those living in flat areas, a dish with a size of 0.8 - 0.9 meters will be required.
This is explained by the fact that the lower the area above sea level, the thicker the atmosphere and the area of radiation dispersion increases. - Convector.
The satellite head is used as a receiving device and must be precisely aimed at one of the satellites, which are located far from each other.
In view of this, to receive several signals, the same number of convectors will be required, each of which will be directed in a different direction. - Receiver.
If your TV has a DVB-S2 tuner, you don’t have to buy a set-top box for free viewing. Regular TVs with an RCA connector can also show channels from a satellite, but only in the usual form.
In this case, it is possible to receive only ATV programs, and such TVs have few physical channels.
After purchase, you will need to install an antenna and connect equipment. It is better to entrust installation to a specialist.
You can make the connection and setup yourself:- the cable from the installed antenna is connected to the receiver;
- The receiver is connected to the TV using an RCA or HDMI cable
(the latter has a higher throughput); - The TV turns on the physical channel corresponding to the connector to which the set-top box is connected.
The equipment is ready for use. For greater reliability, you should look at the level of the recorded signal (yellow bar), which should be above 55%.
Setting up channels
Searching for programs is quite simple:- go to the system settings of the receiver;
- select a satellite from the list;
- enter frequency range(from the list)
- start scanning.
This process must be performed for horizontal and vertical polarization.
If there are several convectors, repeat the operation for each satellite.
Upon completion, all open free satellite television channels will appear.
They will not be placed in a row, because... Between them there will be free frequencies and coded programs. To “collect” them together, you can use moving and sorting channels.
If, over time, the message “No Signal” appears in place of one of the open channels and the level of recorded radiation is acceptable, the frequency has become free and it should be looked for in another place.
