"Remote Abode" Literature "Remote Abode" JOURNEY IN TIME In the memorial apartment of A.S. Pushkin on the Arbat, a thematic evening-meeting was held, the name of which was given by Pushkin's lines: "The abode of distant labors and pure bliss." So the poet spoke of

Long distance communication - telephone-telegraph communication cable and radio relay lines between two points located at a far (almost unlimited) distance from each other. The term "long-distance communication" originated in the transmission technique electrical signals on wired communication lines.

Story

Long distance communication by country

Azerbaijan

Main article: Communication in Azerbaijan

Belarus

Georgia

Kazakhstan

Moldova

Russia

In the old order, long-distance and international calls were made by dialing the number 8 (at telephone exchanges with automatic long-distance communication, that is, at most of them), and the call went through the Rostelecom operator. In the new order, it is not enough to dial "8", you must then select the carrier through which the call will be directed (two-digit number), and then the number. In addition, you can switch to one of the operators on a permanent basis (Pre-Select mode), in this case, the dialing order is old, just through "8", and the telecom operator is the same all the time. Even in this mode, it is possible to make calls through other carriers by simply selecting code 15 after "8" and then following the new pattern.

In some regions, the subscriber can select the Pre-Select mode without visiting the company's office, by calling a special automatic number. This is possible in the companies MGTS (Moscow), Dalsvyaz (all subjects of the Far Eastern Federal District), Uralsvyazinform (all subjects of the Urals Federal District), Bashinformsvyaz (Bashkortostan), Tattelecom (Tatarstan).

Alternative operators are campaigning to call subscribers, offering them to switch to their services right during the call - for this, verbal consent and selection through an automatic number are enough. Also, any subscriber can make long-distance calls, each time choosing an operator for this call (Hot-Choice mode).

In mode Pre-Select, when the subscriber makes a choice in favor of one operator and uses only its services, the dialing order is preserved:

• 8-beep-ABC-xxx - for a long-distance call, (where: ABC - area code, xxx - subscriber number)
• 8-beep-10-country code-xxx - for an international call (where: xxx - area code and subscriber number)

In mode Hot Choice the subscriber chooses an operator for each call:

• 8-beep-intercity code of the operator-ABC-xxx - for a long-distance call (where: ABC - area code, xxx - subscriber number)
• 8-beep-international operator code-country code-xxx - for an international call (where: xxx - area code and subscriber number)

• 8-beep-15-universal operator code-8-ABC-xxx - for a long-distance call (where: ABC - area code, xxx - subscriber number)
• 8-beep-15-universal operator code-810-country code-xxx - for an international call (where: xxx is the area code and subscriber number)

When calling mobile phones from landlines with federal numbers, the same rules apply.

• 8-beep-operator area code-xxx-xxxxxxx (xxx-xxxxxxx - mobile phone)

• 8-beep-15-universal operator code-xxx-xxxxxxx (xxx-xxxxxxx - mobile phone)

Long distance communication by country

Azerbaijan

Belarus

Georgia

Kazakhstan

Moldova

Russia

In the law "On Communications", which came into force on January 1, 2004, but actually started working only at the beginning of 2005 (the necessary by-laws were adopted), the Ministry of Information and Communications proposed a horizontal model for liberalizing the long-distance communication market. To obtain an alternative long distance license, the telephone company must build access points (that is, be present) in all regions of Russia.

Carrier Selection Codes

At present, the codes for choosing a telecom operator when choosing the latter, in order to provide subscribers with access to long-distance and international services telephone communication assigned to the following companies:

Dialing order

Since March 1, 2006, the procedure for dialing an intercity or international number has been changed in Russia compared to the old one.

In the old order, long-distance and international calls were made by dialing the number 8 (at telephone exchanges with automatic long-distance communication, that is, at most of them), and the call went through the Rostelecom operator. In the new order, it is not enough to dial "8", you must then select the carrier through which the call will be directed (two-digit number), and then the number. In addition, you can switch to one of the operators on a permanent basis (Pre-Select mode), in this case, the dialing order is old, just through "8", and the telecom operator is the same all the time. Even in this mode, it is possible to make calls through other carriers by simply selecting code 15 after "8" and then following the new pattern.

In some regions, the subscriber can select the Pre-Select mode without visiting the company's office, by calling a special automatic number. This is possible in the companies MGTS (Moscow), Dalsvyaz (all subjects of the Far Eastern Federal District), Uralsvyazinform (all subjects of the Urals Federal District), Bashinformsvyaz (Bashkortostan), Tattelecom (Tatarstan).

Alternative operators are campaigning to call subscribers, offering them to switch to their services right during the call - for this, verbal consent and selection through an automatic number are enough. Also, any subscriber can make long-distance calls, each time choosing an operator for this call (Hot-Choice mode).

In mode Pre-Select, when the subscriber makes a choice in favor of one operator and uses only its services, the dialing order is preserved:

• 8-beep-ABC-xxx - for a long-distance call, (where: ABC - area code, xxx - subscriber number)
• 8-beep-10-country code-xxx - for an international call (where: xxx - area code and subscriber number)

In mode Hot Choice the subscriber chooses an operator for each call:

• 8-beep-intercity code of the operator-ABC-xxx - for a long-distance call (where: ABC - area code, xxx - subscriber number)
• 8-beep-international operator code-country code-xxx - for an international call (where: xxx - area code and subscriber number)

• 8-beep-15-universal operator code-8-ABC-xxx - for a long-distance call (where: ABC - area code, xxx - subscriber number)
• 8-beep-15-universal operator code-810-country code-xxx - for an international call (where: xxx is the area code and subscriber number)

When calling mobile phones from landlines with federal numbers, the same rules apply.

• 8-beep-operator area code-xxx-xxxxxxx (xxx-xxxxxxx - mobile phone)

• 8-beep-15-universal operator code-xxx-xxxxxxx (xxx-xxxxxxx - mobile phone)

Ukraine

see also

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Notes

Links

• Long distance communication- article from the Great Soviet Encyclopedia.
• Long-distance communication (market of Russia): tadviser.ru/index.php/Articles: Long-distance communication_(market_of Russia)

An excerpt characterizing Long-distance communication

In the unfinished house on Varvarka, at the bottom of which there was a drinking house, drunken screams and songs were heard. There were about ten factory workers sitting on benches by the tables in a small, dirty room. All of them, drunk, sweaty, with cloudy eyes, tensing up and opening their mouths wide, sang some kind of song. They sang apart, with difficulty, with an effort, obviously not because they wanted to sing, but only to prove that they were drunk and walking. One of them, a tall blond fellow in a clean blue coat, stood over them. His face, with a thin, straight nose, would have been beautiful if it were not for the thin, pursed, constantly moving lips and cloudy, frowning, motionless eyes. He stood over those who were singing, and, apparently imagining something, solemnly and angularly waved over their heads a white hand rolled up to the elbow, whose dirty fingers he unnaturally tried to spread out. The sleeve of his chuyka was constantly going down, and the fellow diligently rolled it up again with his left hand, as if there was something especially important in the fact that this white sinewy waving arm was always naked. In the middle of the song, shouts of a fight and blows were heard in the hallway and on the porch. The tall fellow waved his hand.
- Sabbath! he shouted commandingly. - Fight, guys! - And he, without ceasing to roll up his sleeve, went out onto the porch.
The factory workers followed him. The factory workers, who were drinking in the tavern that morning, led by a tall fellow, brought leather from the factory to the kisser, and for this they were given wine. The blacksmiths from the neighboring smithies, having heard the revelry in the tavern and believing that the tavern was broken, wanted to break into it by force. A fight broke out on the porch.
The kisser was fighting the blacksmith at the door, and while the factory workers were leaving, the blacksmith broke away from the kisser and fell face down on the pavement.
Another blacksmith rushed through the door, leaning on the kisser with his chest.
The fellow with his sleeve rolled up on the move still hit the blacksmith, who was rushing through the door, in the face and shouted wildly:
- Guys! ours are being beaten!
At this time, the first blacksmith rose from the ground and, scratching the blood on his broken face, shouted in a weeping voice:
- Guard! Killed!.. They killed a man! Brothers!..
- Oh, fathers, killed to death, killed a man! screeched the woman who came out of the next gate. A crowd of people gathered around the bloodied blacksmith.
“It wasn’t enough that you robbed the people, took off your shirts,” said a voice, turning to the kisser, “why did you kill a man? Robber!
The tall fellow, standing on the porch, looked with dull eyes first at the kisser, then at the blacksmiths, as if wondering with whom he should now fight.
- Soulbreaker! he suddenly shouted at the kisser. - Knit it, guys!
- How, I tied one such and such! the kisser shouted, brushing aside the people who had attacked him, and tearing off his hat, he threw it on the ground. As if this action had some mysteriously menacing significance, the factory workers, who surrounded the kisser, stopped in indecision.
- I know the order, brother, very well. I'll go private. Do you think I won't? No one is ordered to rob anyone! shouted the kisser, raising his hat.