Payphone ... Spelling dictionary-reference
Telephone machine. Dictionary of Russian synonyms. payphone see machine Dictionary of synonyms of the Russian language. Practical guide. M .: Russian language. Z.E. Aleksandrova. 2011 ... Synonym dictionary
TAXOPHONE, a telephone in which the connection with the called subscriber is established after dropping one or more coins of a certain denomination or a special token into the payphone. A distinctive feature of the payphone is the presence of ... ... Modern encyclopedia
- (automatic telephone) a telephone in which the connection with the called subscriber is established after dropping one or more coins of a certain denomination or a special token into the payphone. A distinctive feature of the payphone is the presence of ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary
TAXOPHONE, payphone, husband. (from the word dachshund (see dachshund1) and Greek phone sound). Telephone booth. Explanatory dictionary Ushakov. D.N. Ushakov. 1935 1940 ... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary
payphone- a, m. taxiphone m. Automatic telephone operated when a coin is dropped. SIS 1954. Payphone oh, oh. How I scolded myself for weakness, with difficulty spinning a payphone disc. V. Antonov Pomilovka. // NM 1989 4 54. Lex. Ush. 1940: taxopho / n; Orff. ... ... Historical Dictionary of Russian Gallicisms
payphone- Ndp. coin telephone set telephone machine A telephone set with a device for paying for a single conversation. [GOST 19472 88] Unacceptable, non-recommended coin telephone set telephone automatic telephone Topics telephone networks EN coin box set ... Technical translator's guide
TAXOPHONE- a more accurate name of the machine's telephone number ... Big Polytechnic Encyclopedia
Payphone- 321. Payphone Ndp. Coin telephone set Ndp. Automatic telephone Coin box set Telephone with a device for paying for a single conversation telephone connection nationwide. Terms and ... ... Dictionary-reference book of terms of normative and technical documentation
Automatic telephone, coin-operated telephone, Public telephone for a one-time paid connection with the called subscriber; the connection is established when one or more coins of a certain ... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia
Books
- Prefabricated wooden model "Payphone" (P313),. The prefabricated wooden model is a great gift and original decoration for the interior. Develops fine motor skills of hands, imagination, fantasy. For the strength of the joints, it is recommended ...
At the very beginning of the CCCP phones were "with a young lady." You twist the knob and shout into the phone: “Alo! Young lady! Smolny for me. Mooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooolen! The young lady called where ordered, and if they answered, she connected (that is, literally with wires). It was necessary to pay for such a pleasure a little less than 100 rubles a year. Such a cool unlimited! The productivity of one "young lady" was about 170 connections per hour.
For long-distance connections, an additional fee was taken, and tariffs were calculated in rubles per mile. And of course it was impossible to call any city. Only in some localities. :)
At the beginning of the 30s. the first automatic telephone exchanges were introduced. First Swedish, and since 1949 already their own. Unfortunately, I don’t know the dynamics of prices during this period.
There were payphones in the USSR from the very beginning. Since the pre-revolutionary period, there have been 28 booths in Moscow. Each booth was accompanied by a guard with a broom :). The call cost 10 kop. in 3 minutes, which was not cheap in those days. The price became 2kop after the 1961 monetary reform. No intercity, of course. It seems there was a period when for 2 kopecks. the talk time was not limited. In old films, you can often see a scene like a creature in love calls out, and someone knocks on his window. It's time, they say, to round off!
Home phone in 70-80. cost about 2 rubles. 50 kopecks per month (in communal apartments 3 rubles). Also without intercity at first.
For the intercity in those days it was necessary to go to the Intercity telephone office. There, stand in line at the cashier and order a conversation. Sometimes the conversation was ordered for a specific day and time. And the duration of the conversation was also "ordered" in advance. Those. I didn’t come straight and called. And by the appointed time I had to be there and wait. (Although it was possible immediately, but this is an urgent call, it is more expensive.) When the telephone operators had everything together, you were invited to the booth: “Ivanov! The booth is normal 2! Where is Ivanov ?! " If you go out to smoke, then that's it, hello. And you could wait much longer than the agreed time. How lucky you are. The payment seems to have been after the conversation. I don't remember the tariffs anymore. I personally did not pay.
By the way, connection is still a story: a telephone operator dials another telephone operator, that one further, at some stage is already an automatic connection, and somewhere there are live telephone operators. "What's the relay with the cell playing pranks?" - Vysotsky sang about this gimp.
A little later, it was possible to order and pay for a conversation at the telephone booth right from home! Those. they called and connected you at the agreed time.
It was necessary to negotiate separately with the subscriber on the other side. For example, send a telegram to him: "Monday 18 be at home." I vaguely recall that it was possible to order a notification at a telephone booth, although I may be confusing something already.
In the mid-80s, it was possible to order intercity from home. You dial 07, you order: you dictate the city, the number, who to ask. The telephone operator called, then connected. Payment at the telephone booth after the fact. Or the receipt came in the mail.
In Vysotsky's song about agent 07 there is a line: “Do you need an intercity? So it is necessary to take a coupon ":)
Long-distance payphones have appeared at train stations and airports. They ate coins, of course. :(
At the end of the 80s, it was possible to dial long distance at a telephone booth on your own. Such automated telephone booths flourished in the early 90s. You pay in advance, call wherever you want as long as you have enough money, and then go to the cashier for change, if you haven't said everything.
In the late 80s, it became possible to dial long distance directly from home. Eight, beep, four nine five ...
A little thin, with pale pink cheeks, on which every now and then lovely dimples appeared, above average height, with long, slender legs and well-groomed hands. On the fingers there are small wrinkles and barely noticeable scars left by accident or carelessness while cleaning the apartment and cooking, which is pretty boring for a simple kitchen. Medium length light brown hair, with obliquely cut bangs, diligently lay down on the shoulders and absorbed the last slightly cold rays of the autumn sun. She gazed out the window from the height of the second floor.
Having become ill, she felt a drowsy weakness throughout her body. In conflicting judgments, while lying on a warm sheet and sweetly stretching, it was decided not to go to school today. The classes were not so important, and the lectures could be rewritten, so it is even more convenient when you are not in a hurry and, listening to soft music, you automatically write in a handwriting that is understandable only to you.
Having completely relaxed, tossing and turning and yawning, she made it to ten o'clock. Although I did not want to get up, my sides already seemed to be wadded. You need to get up. One leg gently dropped out of the bed, straining in anticipation of the cold floor.
Everything went on for about five minutes, finally, the half-naked torso of a young girl, from which a warmth emanated, took a perpendicular position. On my feet were soft slippers, in the form of dogs, whose rag ears reached the floor, and their tips were slightly dusty.
In a light green dressing gown with a thin belt, carefully hugging an almost perfect waist, she went to the window.
She glanced briefly at the street with an absent-minded gaze, and pulled out of a single pocket, very wide and a couple of tens of centimeters deep, a handkerchief that was gaining strength, a runny nose overcame her. On a handkerchief, white like fresh snow, Margarita is embroidered in golden letters. That was the name of this girl.
Margarita loved to watch the telephone booth, or rather the people who used it, she tried to look at herself from the outside, it seemed to her funny. A relatively new, but already pretty crippled payphone was, one might say, a local attraction. He was the only one who managed to keep working condition for six months. For lack of home phone Margarita used it herself, since you can get to it in just seven minutes. Because of her curiosity, she timed out the time on her way to the telephone booth several times.
Blue, in an iron case, which saved him from teenagers and drunkards, the machine gun was hiding under a bright yellow, cutting eye, but noticeable from afar, a plastic visor. At any moment Margarita could describe the apparatus with her usual scrupulousness. And now she clearly saw the melted pipe, apparently they tried to burn it and more than once, they put out cigarette butts on it. This was done in revenge for the apparatus itself, covered with an iron shell, due to which it was impossible for him to injure, but on the paint in a large number scratches with a metallic sheen were like scars.
A heart and the name Natasha are scrawled in the right corner. Under the square buttons with embossed numbers, so as not to be erased, a white stationery corrective fluid, which is popularly called a "stroke", is written a phone number, and below the name Olya is inaccurately smeared.
Margarita knew the apparatus thoroughly, the number one worked every other time, and the eight generally fell. In addition, the wire at the base of the tube was damaged and the connection was often cut off. To fix the problem, it was necessary to move the wire and, when the connection was restored, freeze, trying not to pull the receiver.
How many times did she do this, freeze like a marble statue, and try not to breathe. The shade of the visor, oddly enough, was gray, not yellow, as it might seem. The eyes of those who fixed their gaze on the peak of the telephone booth, and the opposite was almost impossible, could not come to their senses for a long time from the terrible yellow color, and for a while everything around seemed yellow.
A veil is draped over the face of the statue of white marble, but the material is so thin and weightless that it hides only the sparkle of the eyes. Of course, Margarita never wore a veil; a shadow fell on her face. Only the lips, which moved, betrayed the girl. Few of those standing in the queue, which was constantly gathering, since the machine gun was in the singular, a kind of last of the Mohicans, did not follow the living sculpture. But Margarita never noticed curious glances on herself, she was not up to it. She was so carried away by the conversation that her whole life at that moment flowed along the wires, only a slight crackle in the tube at times returned her to reality. Waking up, Margarita looked at the queue, then at the clock, mentally apologizing to the people who were waiting, carefully hung up the receiver and hurried away.
After standing at the window for a couple of hours, Margarita wanted to eat. She gratefully glanced at the telephone box one last time and left.
Happy birthday Moscow city telephone network is considered 1 (13) July 1882. With pay phones, the situation was more complicated.
In October 1893, engineer Popov, having agreed with Bell's company, appealed to the Moscow City Duma with a request for permission to install 60 meeting pavilions with telephones connected to the city telephone network, and is refused. Popov's repeated appeal, which followed in 1896, was also rejected.
Only in 1903 did the Moscow City Duma positively decide on the installation of negotiation pavilions in the city. By 1909, 26 public telephones appeared within the city and 17 outside. The number of automatic machines continued to grow further, reaching 60 by 1912, and by the end of 1915 - 93 payphones. The call fee was then 10 kopecks. 
As a result of the October battles of 1917, for the first time in almost 35 years, Moscow was left without telephone communication - practically all the premises of the Central Telephone Exchange were rendered inoperative, most of the substations stopped working, and the line structures of the network were seriously damaged.
Then the telephone network was nationalized and during 1918-20. partially restored. At the beginning of 1918, Lenin signed a decree of the Council of People's Commissars on the further exploitation of the remnants of the Moscow city telephone network. In particular, by this decree, the People's Commissariat of Posts and Telegraphs undertook to install a sufficient number of public telephones as soon as possible. Nevertheless, in 1921 there were only 10 of them in Moscow. 
By 1930, the repair of the equipment of the Central Telephone Exchange was completed, new substations were put into operation, all this allowed, finally, to increase the number of payphones. SNK attached great importance to the installation of public telephones on the streets of Moscow. It was the payphone that perfectly fit into the picture of communist life, since the best way personified the idea of the availability of communication facilities intended for all residents of the city. And yet, the number of payphones grew very slowly. There were too many obstacles: lack of equipment, lack of specialists, difficulties in installation, vandalism of the irresponsible and uncultured part of the population. The shortage of payphones was most acute on the outskirts of the city: one pay phone per district is a typical situation. Nevertheless, by the end of 1930, there were already 808 public telephones in Moscow. 
In 1937, the first "talking clock" was installed at the Central Telephone Center, which had its own number on each automatic telephone exchange - it became possible to find out the time by telephone. 
In 1938, the production of standard payphones of the VU series was started, the first public call center was opened on Serpukhovskaya Square. The servicing of automatic telephones was carried out on a local basis. Each supervisor was assigned a section of 30-40 pay phones, which he examined, checked and repaired the damage that occurred during the working day. 
By 1941, there were 2,775 public telephones in Moscow. 
In 1950, the MRTP plant began serial production of AMT-47 payphones of the Perm Telephone Plant. At that time, cabins were made of two types: wooden, the main supplier of which was the special furniture and inventory workshops of the USSR Ministry of Communications, and metal, also produced by one of the factories of the Ministry of Communications. 
It should be noted that during this period the number of delivered booths was severely limited, which significantly hampered the development of the payphone network. In addition, wooden cabins quickly failed, therefore, the production of reinforced concrete cabins was launched in 1957. 
In 1960, the first reinforced concrete booths of a new type for payphones were installed; by the end of the 1960s, there were already about 6,000 such booths in Moscow. At that time, new meeting pavilions were also opened, in each of which from 10 to 20 telephones were installed. 
By 1962, the number of pay phones in Moscow had reached 10,000, having more than doubled in 10 years. 
At the end of 1962, it was decided to create a single automatic payphone telephone node(ATTU). The entire payphone system, together with the service personnel, was transferred to the management of the unit, six linear (district) shops, as well as a repair and cash collection department, were organized in its system. The situation with the payphone fleet was finally streamlined, the scheme for identifying and repairing faulty devices was simplified. 
In 1973, new payphones AMT-69 appeared, allowing you to pay for a conversation with both two-kopeck and two single-kopeck coins. 
For the Olympics, Moscow has acquired telephone booths made of aluminum. 350 new payphones were installed for the sports festival. 
In 1984, the exhibition "Labor Protection-84", held at VDNKh, exhibited the first coinless pay phone (authors: V.F. Vasiliev, B.I. Matyush, G.Ya. Krylov, etc.). 
At the beginning of 1991, 33,992 payphones were operating in Moscow. This was the absolute maximum, further the number of payphones only decreased. 
In 1993, payphones switched to token payments. In 1995, the first 258 card payphones of the company "Monethel" (France) were installed, but even before that, an experimental series of card payphones of Perm production was installed in Zelenograd. 
In 1997, there was a massive replacement of token payphones by card ones, the number of card payphones was 2,200, and already in the next year - 5,649. 
In the second half of the 90s, a kind of criminal business on card payphones flourished. The robbers learned to spoil the card collectors in such a way that they "swallowed" the subscribers' telephone cards. With the help of a special device, the attackers mined the captured card and handed it over to their accomplices for subsequent sale. 
A lot of payphones are still installed in Moscow, but I don’t remember when was the last time I saw someone using them? 
