How to choose RAM for a processor. Methods for determining the RAM compatible with the motherboard

What is random access memory (RAM)? Before moving on to the answers to this question, it is important to note that given element any computer and laptop significantly affects its power and performance. Therefore, you need to know how to choose RAM for your computer.

Modern society uses a PC in almost all spheres of life, be it work, education or entertainment. That is why its qualitative modernization (improvement) is a very important point. Modern programs require more power and performance from a computer, which means that equipment with outdated component parts simply cannot fully fulfill its main purpose. RAM plays a big role in functionality, which is why many experts recommend upgrading it first.

What is RAM for?

Another name for OP is RAM. This abbreviation stands for "random access memory" (in English - RAM). It is intended for temporary storage of information.

For normal functioning software you just need to choose enough RAM. OP is, first of all, temporary (operative) memory. The user does not participate in its use. The files are saved for some time by the system in order to ensure the normal performance of this or that program.

What is the structure of the OP?

In order to give a more illustrative example, we can say that OP is similar to a honeycomb. Each cell is equipped with a certain amount of capacity (1-5 bits) and a personal address. It is actually a capacitor, ready at any second to fulfill its " job duties", Namely, to record an electric discharge. The data stored (temporarily) in this way is understandable to the computer.

Types and form factors of OP

Before deciding which RAM to choose for a computer or laptop, you need to familiarize yourself with its types and form factors. So, there are 3 types of OP:

DIMM. Most commonly used in PCs.
SO-DIMM. Most often, this type of RAM can be found in laptops and monoblocs. It differs from the previous type in a more compact size.
FB-DIMM. Equipped with enhanced buffering support and high quality performance. Should be chosen as random access memory for servers.

It is important to consider that the OP must be compatible with the motherboard. How to choose RAM for your computer: prefer ddr3 or ddr4? On this moment there are 4 types of OP, classified by compatibility with the motherboard:

DDR is obsolete and practically out of production.
DDR2 - like the previous version is obsolete.
DDR3 is currently the most popular among consumers.
DDR4 is a new product in the world computer technology... For latest models processor type should be selected.

What kind of RAM do you have?

How to find out this information if the computer was “brought in, brought in, installed” and you have never come across a complete set of it before? One way is to install a program called AIDA64. It will provide information about the type of OP and the number of modules in it. Opening the program and going to the tabs Motherboard, then - SPD, you will find out all the necessary information. You can download the AIDA64 program here.

You can see information about the type and capacity of RAM directly on the board. To do this, you need to remove the RAM bar from the connector and study the data on the sticker. After reviewing them, you can choose a compatible and suitable OP for a PC or laptop in accordance with the originally installed one.

How can I find out the frequency of RAM that is suitable for a PC?

Answering the question of how to choose the right RAM for a laptop or computer, you need to take into account the frequency motherboard and processor. Here are some important points:

It is not recommended to purchase a frequency less than 1600 MHz, of course, if you have a not quite old PC. They are intended for computers with low endurance and performance, and are obsolete.
The most relevant option is 1600 MHz. This module frequency is relevant for many modern computers and laptops.
2133 - 2400 MHz. This is the most expensive module of all. It should be noted that such a bar is relevant only for programmers and professionals in the field of video processing. For a common user, the difference between 1600 MHz and 2400 MHz will not be noticeable.

The volume of the OP: which one to choose?

To choose RAM for this indicator, you must be guided by the purpose of the PC.

2 GB. This is the minimum amount of RAM. If you decide to choose a module with so much memory in order to save money, then keep in mind that a computer with 2 GB of RAM will simply not function normally. Of course, if you do not use your computer only to browse sites.
4 GB. It is better to choose this option for using a computer for watching movies, listening to audio recordings, and light games.
8 GB is the recommended option. Such RAM will perfectly cope with all programs and modern games.
16 GB - worth choosing for people who use a computer to make money. Freelancers involved in the development and creation of sites and their designs, programmers, video editors, youtubers, arranging streams - the cost of buying 16 GB of memory will be fully justified.
32 GB is more of a concern for the future, since at the moment there is no software that needs so much RAM.

How to choose RAM depending on the OS

This is very important point... Even if you are ready to choose the best RAM, you need to consider the features and capabilities of the system installed on your computer. For example, note that 32-bit versions of Windows support a maximum RAM size of 3 GB. Even if you decide to choose RAM containing 4 GB, the system will use only three.
Optimal for all types of RAM will be 64-bit Windows system... But it is worth remembering that an outdated computer simply will not find suitable drivers for systems of this category. Therefore, before choosing RAM, make sure that you have a 64-bit system and that all applications are functioning correctly. Also, it will not be superfluous to visit the website of the motherboard manufacturer and get acquainted with information about its capabilities and the maximum memory size it supports.

What is a channel?

Many users have never heard such a term as “channeling” during their work with a PC. But experienced computer scientists, on the contrary, strive to make the work of their OP two-channel, three-channel, four-channel. What does this mean? Let's take two-channel mode as an example. The principle of its operation lies in the use of 2 OP slots at once, combined into one memory bank.

When installing the 2nd channel, experts strongly recommend observing the following rules:

modules must contain the same frequency;
the volume of the OP must also be equal;
2 strips - one manufacturer.

Benefits of multichannel

The main and main advantage is the increased performance of the entire system. However, the main question remains in the need for such changes and the real visibility of improvements. It is worth noting that, as in the case of 16 GB of RAM, only representatives of specific professions (programmers, computer graphics designers, etc.) will notice improvements in the direction of improvement. For an ordinary user who uses a full list of usual actions (including spending time playing "heavy" games), the performance of the 2nd slot will be almost imperceptible.

So, we have given a detailed answer to the question of how to choose RAM for a pc. So before deciding on a particular OP, carefully study the capabilities of your computer and your own requirements for your PC.

Have a great day!

Then it will not be possible to replace it with a newer and more advanced DDR4 - along with the memory, you will have to change the motherboard and processor. When assembling a new computer, the most current type of memory is recommended - DDR4.

Memory

V modern computer it is recommended to install at least 4 GB of RAM. The standard now is 8 GB - this volume is enough for the user for most everyday tasks. A professional who often works in "heavy" programs, type Autocad and 3DSMax, it is recommended to install modules of 16 GB and higher.

Memory is often sold in sets of two, four or more modules. Two modules with the same parameters, inserted into the motherboard slots of the same color, will operate in "dual channel mode" - this will increase the data transfer speed and increase the speed of the system and applications.

Clock frequency

The memory clock speed determines the rate at which data is exchanged with the motherboard. The higher the frequency, the faster the computer runs. It directly depends on her throughput memory and module price. You need to choose memory based on what frequencies are supported by the motherboard and processor.

Form Factor

Most home computers use the DIMM form factor. SODIMM format memory is most often installed on laptops. The rest of the form factors are unlikely to be of interest to the common user - they are installed either on servers or on old PCs.

Hello everybody! Before buying, and it doesn't matter if you buy it for a computer or laptop, you need to check it for compatibility with the motherboard, because if there is no compatibility, then at startup there will be a black screen or the computer will not start at all.

In order to find out the compatibility of the processor and RAM, you need to go to the manufacturer's website. If you are choosing RAM for your computer, then you need to find out the model of your motherboard. If you do not know, then you can read how to find it out.

And if for a laptop, then just look at the model on back cover laptop.

Find out the compatibility for your computer:

For a computer, as I said above, you need to know the motherboard model. When you found it out, go to the motherboard manufacturer's website, I have this Asus and go to support.

Or, if you cannot find the official site, then in the search we write the model of the motherboard and after the search finds it, go to the found link. If you can't find it, then go to Google and write: "Support motherboard model" Google should find.

Or we look like this:

For laptops:

The same thing, only we drive in a laptop model.

By the way, while I was writing the article, the asus interface has changed a bit.

Once in the section with the motherboard, you can go to the characteristics and there will be the supported frequency of the RAM and its type.

And to find out compatibility with specific model RAM, then go to the tab support and support for memory modules and other devices.

Here you need to download a list, there are several of them, so do not focus on one.

There will be models in the table. Better to buy the one that is definitely on the list.

Support addresses of websites of motherboard manufacturers

ASRock

ASUSTeK (ASUS)

EliteGroup (ECS)

Foxconn

Gigabyte (Giga-byte)

Intel

Micro-Star (MSI, Microstar)

TYAN

Supermicro

Biostar

Another way to find out the compatibility of RAM modules

If there is another way to find out what type of RAM your motherboard supports. To do this, download the program:

We launch. And go to the motherboard, SPD.

What we need to know:

RAM type for computer DIMM, for laptop SO-DIMM.
The type of memory, you need to choose the one that is indicated on the manufacturer's website. For me, for example, this is DDR-3, if you choose the wrong one, then it simply will not suit you.
The amount of RAM. Motherboards have a certain limit. If the motherboard supports 4GB, then with six it simply won't start. To find out, you need to look again on the manufacturer's website or search on the Internet with a request for example "motherboard z87-a maximum amount of RAM."
Memory frequency. This is also an important parameter, which, again, can be viewed on the manufacturer's website. If you buy a new one, then you can take the maximum frequency that the motherboard supports, but in this case it is better to watch the reviews so as not to overpay. And if you already have RAM, then it is better to take with the frequency that is already in installed memory since if you set it higher, then it will automatically drop to the previous one and this will be an extra waste of money.
Memory timings. The lower, the faster the memory will respond.
Manufacturer. Choose a trusted manufacturer. For example: Kingston, Corsair, Crucial, Hynix, Kingston, Samsung, Transcend.

What to do if after installing new RAM a black screen?

Check the compatibility of the RAM and motherboard;
Install the memory that worked on this motherboard and flash the BIOS to the latest version;
Reset BIOS settings by removing the battery for 10 minutes;
Reconnect the RAM;
Make sure you have installed the RAM correctly before clicking;
Disconnect everything except the processor, RAM and the unit (if possible, install another one), and use the built-in video card if possible;
It is possible that the RAM or motherboard is defective (if it is also new). In this case, you need to check the RAM on a known working motherboard.

That's all! I hope this article helped you choose the right RAM!

In continuation of the previous article on choosing a laptop, I want to write another voluminous material that will include all detailed specifications... I will refer to the question how to choose RAM for a computer or laptop is serious enough and I will provide the maximum a large number of information.

Let's start with the fact that it is ultra-fast memory, second only in speed to the processor, but nevertheless it is very important for everyday needs. Any computer, laptop and even mobile device will not be able to work without RAM. If you have had problems with your computer and you blame the lack of RAM for this, then let's see how to choose RAM.

I have been writing an article for a long time. There I described some information that you need to know before choosing RAM.

Content

The importance of choosing the size and firm of RAM

You need to know exactly how much RAM your computer or laptop needs. Now they all have at least 4 GB, which is enough for normal office work. There should not be less than 4, since some will be spent on the needs of the system, as well as on some programs, so the free amount of memory will not be enough. Imagine you run text editor like Word and Photoshop to boot. There won't be enough memory for this.

If you watch movies, work hard on the Internet, you always have a browser and several programs open, and also play weak games, then you need to have more than 4 GB, I think 6 GB will be enough, and 8 GB is better.

If you often play demanding games, or edit video, then you will obviously need 8 GB or more. The most optimal is 16 GB. A larger volume, I think, will already be extra memory, although depending on finances, someone can afford a couple of three extra gigabytes.

It is worth noting that the system also takes some of the memory for normal operation. I spoke about this above, but now in more detail. The system has two main architectures - 32 bits and 64 bits. The first can be referred to as x86. The nuance here is that you cannot. The nuance here is that you can't on 32 discharge system put more than 3 GB... If you put, for example, 6 GB, then the system will still show 3 GB and work on it. These are the pies, install a 64-bit OS. Although it is more demanding, it gives much greater opportunities.

Memory type is an important thing when choosing a RAM

At the moment, there are practically no DDR1 and DDR2 RAM modules. They are definitely not in stores, but you can stumble upon options in online stores, so you should be careful.

Modern memory modules are of types. The latter is coming out in a new light, and DDR3 is already beginning to become obsolete, but it is still afloat. If your computer is not very old, then it is unlikely to support DDR4, so we are looking for only type 3. In the case of assembling a computer from scratch, or supporting a motherboard and a DDR4 processor, we definitely take this type.

There is also another type of memory - DDR5, though you shouldn't look at it, as it relates to the graphics component. It is used in AMD graphics cards and NVDIDA.

Matching memory slots on the motherboard

The motherboard has special connectors for RAM. Correctly they are called slots. Each type of memory from DDR1 to DDR4 has different slots. They look the same, but the difference is in a special section on the modules themselves, which are located differently. You can find out the purpose of a slot for one of the memory types simply by looking at it, everything should be written there. You can also use special programs, like AIDA64 and CPU-Z... They show detailed information about all components of the computer and the support of a particular hardware.

What characteristics of RAM you need to look at when choosing

In fact, you need to look at all the parameters of the RAM module. All of them are very important and we will now consider each of them. This is the most important point, which determines what kind of RAM you choose and whether it will work for you at all.

RAM frequency

This is what indicates the speed of the RAM. The higher the value, the better, but it should be understood that the motherboard and processor must support a specific frequency. If you have 1333 MHz supported, and you take 1866 MHz, then the work will be carried out only at the supported frequency, that is, 1333 MHz, and why overpay then?

So, we found out that the choice of the required frequency depends on the processor. Older CPUs support DDR3 memory and 1333 MHz. More or less modern processors can already support 1600 MHz. Powerful processors last generations have frequencies from 1333 MHz to 1866 MHz.

When choosing DDR4 memory, provided that it is supported, you can choose modules with a frequency of 2133 MHz. It is powerful and it would be best to have such memory, but both the type and the frequency must be supported by the CPU. You can see this on the official website of Intel or AMD (depending on the manufacturer of your processor), as well as using the same AIDA64 and CPU-Z utilities.

As I said, the higher the frequency, the better, the RAM is not very expensive today, so you can afford the model that is most supported by your configuration, be it even a computer for office work.

RAM voltage

You should pay attention to this parameter only because many motherboards do not know how to set the required voltage for different modules. For example, you took one bar with a voltage of 1.5V, and the other with 1.35V, due to such incompatibility, problems with the operation of the PC may arise.

If you already have RAM, then with the help of utilities you can see the supported voltage and, when choosing RAM, already focus on a specific value.

Modern memory types usually have the following voltages:

DDR3: 1.5V
DDR3L: 1.35V - undervoltage memory
DDR4: 1.2V

As you can see, the later the generation, the less voltage the modules need to operate. For example, the same DDR1 consumed as much as 2.5V. This is no good.

RAM timings

I already wrote about this in one of my articles (link at the beginning), but it's worth repeating. When reading and writing processes, delays occur, which are called timings. The lower the value, the lower the latency, although they do not particularly affect the speed of the RAM itself, but they bring an additional advantage.

On the marking, they can be designated as follows: CL = 9-9-9-24. It is also called latency... In the example shown, the last digit (24) is responsible for the overall speed of the module. Home remember that the lower the latency value, the better. Of course, such microcircuits will cost more, but if you go towards high performance for your configuration, then give preference to low timings.

Operation of RAM at a frequency higher than that supported

I said at the beginning of the article that if you take a microcircuit with a frequency higher than the processor supports, then it will work, but only at the supported frequency. It turns out that this limitation can sometimes be circumvented, and now I will tell you how.

There are modules with a frequency of more than 2133 MHz, which of course pleases, but users may feel sad that their processor does not support such values. For you to be able to work at a super-supported frequency, you will need a motherboard that is supported by the so-called. This is a technology developed by Intel. Allows the use of memory chips with a frequency higher than that supported by the processor, although the memory itself must also have XMP support. The essence of this development is that the motherboard increases the frequency of its bus, thereby allowing the RAM to work at maximum.

AMD, by the way, has a similar technology and it is called AMP(AMD Memory Profile). Motherboards with such support are very expensive and not everyone will afford it.

If you are interested in this topic, then it is worth taking a motherboard with XMP or AMP only for professional activity such as editing or games. The assembly will be very expensive, therefore, the average user will not always master this.

RAM form factor

According to the characteristics of the RAM modules for stationary computer and laptop are no different, but the size is different. It is clear that for a laptop there are shorter microcircuits, they are called SO-DIMM, for ordinary PCs there are long bars, called DIMM... The disadvantage of laptops is that in most cases they have only two slots for RAM, so there is no overclocking in volume.

Data designation on RAM

Different modules are labeled differently depending on the manufacturer and characteristics. I think everyone was holding a bar of RAM in their hands and saw some values. For example, the volume, which is understandable to everyone, but there are other names that raise questions from people. In another way, all these letters are called "Part Number", now let's look at examples.

Here is a picture showing the values indicating the parameters of the RAM bar.

KVR- This abbreviation can be seen on most modules, indicating the manufacturer is Kingston. For example, Transcend would have the designation TS.
1333 Is the frequency of the module. Can also stand 16 which means 1600 MHz, 13 – 1333 MHz and 10 – 1066 MHz.
L- the letter denotes a low supply voltage. If the DRR3 has 1.5V as standard, then the letter L means a voltage of 1.35V.
R- type of module (Registered DIMM), ensuring stable operation without errors and failures.
11 - latency (timings), which we talked about above, is sometimes not indicated.
D- dual-rank module allows using more RAM.
8 - the number of memory chips on the DRAM chip, it can be 4.
L- module size 18.75 mm in length and 30 mm in height.
K2- the number of modules, in this case two. Can be K3 and K4. Not always indicated.

I will not describe everything, but just give a screenshot showing exactly what can be on the memory chip. Everything is very intelligible and clear, it was not me who did it, I had to take it from the site: http://genesisua.com/shop_content.php?language=ru&coID=210

Find out memory information using SPD

Each RAM has an SPD chip that stores the necessary information about the module itself. It is very easy to extract information from there, you just need to download the CPU-Z program and go to SPD tab... There you will find the type of already installed memory, size, frequency and number of free slots. There will also be information on XMP support and timings.

Placement of double-sided and single-sided memory chips

As you can see from the title, there are chips with contacts located only on one side, and there are two-sided ones. There is no difference if you connect different chips on modern motherboards, but as for the old ones, there may be compatibility problems, so you should install only the same modules.

Cooling for RAM

If it is important for you that the RAM chips are cooled, then there is an opportunity to take the memory, for example, with a heatsink. As a rule, this is a very powerful memory that can overheat, therefore a radiator is installed in addition. In addition, the computer must have good system cooling.

In addition to radiators, an additional cooler or even a double cooler can be included in the kit as an additional "device". This will really achieve good cooling, but this design will take up a lot of space.

Don't take EEC modules

There is still such a marking in memory - EEC, which means the presence of a controller that allows you to fix various problems that arise in memory, and we all know that errors can occur even in the RAM. But this is in theory, in practice it does not even give an increase in performance and it is not known exactly how errors are fixed. Memory will be very expensive, and with this EEC will also reduce performance.

Operating modes of the RAM

RAM can operate in single-channel, dual-channel, three-channel and even four-channel modes.

The advantages of two-channel and other modes are that read / write occurs in parallel, as opposed to single-channel, where there is a sequential call to each module. So, thanks to the multichannel mode, the speed of work increases, so it makes sense to take such memory.

All modern motherboards and memory modules support dual-channel mode, which is sufficient for comfortable work. Higher modes are available only for expensive models.

It is advisable to take the same modules for the two-channel mode in all characteristics, well, in almost all. Of course, memory controllers are now in the processor, not in motherboard, as before, so the CPU will independently activate the 2-channel mode, but it is better to choose similar modules, you never know what can happen.

I also want to say about the choice of one or more memory sticks. For a 2-channel mode, you definitely need at least 2, but they will cost more than the same volume, only a single strip. If you are not in a hurry, you can first buy one strip, for example, for 4 GB, and, if possible, then buy another 4 GB, but preferably a similar one.

Which manufacturer of RAM to choose

There are a lot of RAM manufacturers, both well-known brands and not so much. Companies have proven themselves well in the market Corsair and Crucial... The first, of course, will be more expensive. Both have a variety of options from budget to gaming.

Goodram is also famous for modules with low latency for an affordable price, you can take a look for yourself in any online store.

Now for budget computer you can take inexpensive modules from Samsung, Kingston, Transcend and AMD... The disadvantage of them is that you can find chinese fake especially for Samsung. I do not advise taking models from other brands that are not listed in this article. You can suggest your own version in the comments, which you have successfully tested.

Find out the maximum memory size

Read about this in the article about. Any program such as AIDA64 will show you the amount supported by the processor. It is also worth finding out the processor model and looking at the maximum amount of RAM on the official website, then you will know exactly what to take from the store.

How to install RAM on a computer

Now let's move on to one more important point - installing memory modules on the motherboard... In fact, this process is very simple and it is difficult to screw up the installation, unless you can be mistaken with the characteristics of the memory itself.

Let's say you have already picked up the product from the store and brought it home. Before connecting, you need to completely de-energize the computer (this also applies to a laptop - it takes out the battery). The motherboard has very long connectors, of which there are usually 4 pieces, but sometimes there are 6. These are our slots for RAM.

Before installing, make sure that you are not interfered with by other connected devices, such as a video card. If they still interfere, temporarily remove them, and after installing the RAM, screw everything back on.
Each slot has latches at the ends, they need to be pushed in opposite directions.

If there are old modules, carefully pull them out by the edges.
We insert the new module in accordance with the slot on the microcircuit itself and a special key in the slot, this will not allow inserting the module incorrectly. With DDR types, the slots and keys are located in different places, so choosing the right memory type has a high priority.

If you cannot insert the RAM on either side, most likely you purchased the wrong type.
Inserting the DIMM-module gently press on top of it along the edges, the latches should automatically close, although some have mat. boards, this is not done, so we snap it ourselves.
After correct installation the memory cover can be closed system unit and finally turn on the computer to make sure it is working.

One important point is worth noting. I have already spoken about the multi-channel mode, but as practice shows, not everyone installs the modules correctly for the two-channel mode to work. Usually slots on the motherboard are marked with different colors, two black and two blue or a different color. To enable multichannel, you need to connect modules to single-color slots. For example, you have to insert 4 GB strips only into the blue slots, and the rest are optional.

Summing up the choice of RAM

Here is such a voluminous article, but I promised to paint everything in detail. Based on these parameters, you can easily acquire the memory you want. I will summarize with a short list of what we will discuss today.

Before buying RAM, find out its type.
Be sure to look at the characteristics and evaluate the models that we would like to buy.
Based on your budget, ask yourself how much RAM you need and for what needs, and then start choosing the price category you need.
The frequency of the RAM must be supported by the processor.
You can take paired modules from the same manufacturer that have been jointly tested. There are usually two modules in a package.
To improve performance, look for modules with multichannel support, which the processor should also support.
Memory should have low timings, the less the better.
Do you want the memory to which there is overclocking potential? Then XMP will help you.
Always choose modules from well-known brands such as Corsair, Crucial, Goodram, Transcend, Kingston, Samsung, AMD and Patriot.
Need a memory with a cooling system? Coolers or fans. There is one, it is more powerful, but due to the design it can take up a lot of space.

What can be said about RAM for 2017-18 and beyond

In the presence of a modern assembly, in any case, you need to have a DDR4 type. For game system you need a volume of 16 to 32 GB, so you will have a system that will work with a bang for the next few years. No need to buy small modules, especially for a gaming PC. If you need to install 16 GB, then we take two strips of 8. The fewer strips in the computer, the more stability you will have, but no one canceled the overclocking potential either.

How often to take DDR4

Judging by some sources like JEDEC, it is better to take memory with a frequency of 2133 MHz, since more low frequency does not provide any advantage over DDR3. There are different frequencies for DDR4, which other types do not have, for example 3333 MHz, or 2800 MHz. This is all just for some systems that overclock better. An ordinary user with an ordinary PC should be guided by the indicators of 2133, 2400 and 2666 MHz. Most the best option- 2133 MHz.

I hope all this information will help you choose RAM for your computer or laptop. Good luck with this business and ask questions.

The question of choosing RAM for a computer arises immediately after purchasing a processor or video card. RAM is one of the main components of the system, without which it simply will not work. User requests grow and force development Computer techologies... It seems that quite recently a few megabytes were enough for normal operation, but today it is already counted in gigabytes. Demanding programs and even more voracious games require more and more RAM. So how do you choose the right RAM for your computer or laptop in 2018? On this actual question we will try to fully tell you in today's article.

Before going to technical parameters, it should be indicated what RAM is and why it is needed. Random Access Memory is a volatile part of a computer that stores executable program code and processor data while it is running. Simply put, RAM serves as a kind of warehouse where files are stored and await further delivery. When you turn off the computer, all data from it is erased. In common people it is often called "memory" and "RAM".

Each executable program is first of all loaded into RAM, and only then it is implemented by the processor. If there is not enough memory, then the application is loaded in parts. Therefore, the larger the amount of "RAM", the faster the computer works. This includes the clock frequency, but more on that below. Without RAM, your laptop or computer simply won't turn on.

First of all

Choosing the right RAM is not only about buying a module with a huge volume. First of all, you should consider the processor model and the type of RAM. Like many other system components, RAM modules are not universal. RAM modules are installed on a motherboard that only supports certain types, which will be discussed below. The processor, as you might guess, also works directly with the "motherboard".

There is a constant relationship between these components. Inconsistency of at least one of them disrupts the performance of the entire system. A processor that is not suitable for the socket to the motherboard, of course, will not work at all. But the RAM, if it fits in the form factor (we will also talk about them), will most likely function. Here only problems with compatibility will be observed, and the performance will remain at a low level.

In order to choose the right RAM for a laptop or computer, the first step is to visit the motherboard manufacturer's website. Here you will find out the supported types and other important information.

After all the digressions, we will first of all talk about the types of RAM. It is this parameter, first of all, that users pay attention to, and the sellers themselves. In modern devices, the DDR SDRAM type is most often used. It is not only the most popular, but also the most effective. Manufacturers are constantly improving it. Recently, DDR and DDR2 modules have been ubiquitous. Today, they are only remembered by experienced, old PC users. They were replaced by DDR3 RAM (clocked at up to 2400 MHz), which is more efficient. In 2018, DDR4 is gaining popularity (clocked at up to 4266 MHz).

To build a powerful gaming computer we advise you to choose RAMDDR4. It is more promising, and the cost is not much more expensive than the previous generation. Please note that this type of memory requires an appropriate motherboard.

You can still find DDR2, and even DDR. They are not particularly in demand, and they are much more expensive than their modern brothers. It looks more advantageous to purchase a new motherboard memory, for which you can buy the latest types of RAM.

Despite the rise in popularityDDR4, still current memoryDDR3. If you are constrained in funds or performance is not important, then you can safely take the "RAM" of the third generation.

Another important parameter that many users make the most important when choosing RAM. Like, the more the better. Yes, you can agree with this, but with some reservations. Often, fans of modern games install memory modules in each free slot. But only a certain part of it is used, and the rest plays the role of ballast, for which you have to overpay.

The main component responsible for performance is the processor. RAM, as mentioned above, plays the role of a storage for executable files. As long as the total amount of RAM is not exceeded, everything works on full power... As soon as it fills up, the system starts using resources. hard disk... Due to the specification of the hard drive, the speed of the computer is seriously degraded.

In general, you should choose the amount of RAM in 2018 based on the intensity with which you load your Personal Computer or laptop. Keep in mind that modern OS under personal inquiries take away about 1 GB.

2-4 GB. This amount of RAM is recommended for budget systems. For watching movies, working with documents and surfing the Internet, 2 GB is enough, but 4 GB is recommended.
4-8 GB. For universal computer in most cases 4 GB is sufficient. If you like to play, use resource-intensive programs, then we recommend installing 8 GB of RAM.
16 GB. Today, this amount of RAM is enough for a gaming computer. It makes sense to buy more only for some games that will be released in the near future.
32 GB or more. This volume is intended for specialized systems. However, a lot depends on the tasks that the machine is aimed at.

Surveys and tests show that 8 GB of RAM is enough for users today. And few games require more volume. It makes sense to acquire memory for the future, but with some nuances. Chances are, the processor will become obsolete before you use up all the capacity. As we have already established, RAM does not work with every "stone", which will entail a possible replacement of modules.

Keep in mind that 32-bit operating systems only see 3.5 GB, and the rest of the volume will simply not be visible. 64-bit computers do not suffer from this problem.

RAM characteristics

In addition to the type and size, RAM has several other characteristics that directly affect the efficiency of its work. The most important of these are frequency and timings. Of course, it is not necessary to take them into account for average users, but for fans computer games will not be superfluous.

The speed of the RAM depends on this parameter. It is logical that the higher it is, the faster the system. Before choosing RAM, make sure at what frequency the motherboard and computer work. No, differences in values do not mean that the RAM will not start. The "RAM" will work, but its frequencies will be underestimated. It turns out that you simply overpay for them.

With motherboards, things are pretty straightforward. Budget solutions in 2018 support frequencies up to 2000 MHz. Middle class and solutions for assembling gaming computers - 3000 MHz. You can find out the supported frequency of the "motherboard" on the manufacturer's website or using special software.

Processors are a little more complicated and varied. Budget "stones" for DDR3 operate at frequencies up to 1333 MHz. Middle class - 1600 MHz. Powerful gaming processors can run at up to 1866 MHz. Modern chips have received support for fourth generation RAM. They work with a frequency of up to 2133 MHz. You can find out what frequency your processor has on the manufacturer's website, or simply enter its name in a search engine.

High frequency memory

Attentive readers have noticed that the paragraph "Types of RAM" says: DDR3 up to 2400 MHz, DDR4 up to 4266 MHz. Yes, there is a "RAM" on sale with this frequency. How can this be if the processor supports lower values?

It's all about eXtreme Memory Profile technology. Developed it Intel and uses it in many of its products. Its peculiarity is that it allows the RAM to work at a real frequency.

Note that the technologyXMP must be supported by both the processor and the motherboard. Without this technology, it makes no sense to choose RAM for a computer with high frequencies. Processors and motherboards withXMPs are more expensive than regular representatives and belong to the mid / high segment.

How is this possible? A motherboard with this technology is able to increase the speed of the memory bus, which is responsible for data transfer. Thus, high-frequency RAM can work at its maximum.

AMD also has a similar technology, it is abbreviated as AMP. The essence of the work is about the same. Used by AMP in expensive solutions, usually aimed at assembling gaming computers.

Does it make sense to spend money on high frequencies of RAM and a motherboard with supportXMP? There is. If you are building the most powerful PC for gaming or professional tasks, in which, in addition to the expensive "mother" and RAM, top-level hardware will be installed. For a middle-class computer, and even more so for a budget computer, in which there is no powerful video card and processor, this is more of a waste of money.

Now let's go over them a little. What is it? Timings are usually called delays between various operations in RAM. Let's immediately note the obvious pattern: the less delay, the better. Few would argue about this. But the timings do not have a special effect on the speed of the RAM in 2018. In this regard, frequency is still more significant.

Timings are indicated on the memory modules. The higher the frequency, the higher the delay.

Timing is indicated by the letters CL and a number of numbers. When choosing RAM, you should pay attention to the first digit. For DDR3 with a low frequency, the normal value is 9. High frequencies - up to 11. For DDR4, this figure can go up to 16.

It is not advised to buy RAM with high timing. She may have performance and performance problems. As a rule, "RAM" with low timings is more expensive, but not much.

Supply voltage

An important point that many users forget or simply do not know. Those who buy additional RAM to expand the volume are especially affected. They bring home, and she refuses to work. Often, after such attempts, it fails. In the end, it turns out that two modules were installed with different voltages. Yes, dear reader, RAM also differs in voltage.

The motherboard, into which the "RAM" is installed, does not know how to give different voltages to different modules. If it is set in accordance with the lower voltage bar, the system is unstable. If it is set on the RAM bar of a higher voltage, then a module with a lower voltage may fail.

Choose RAM for a computer with the same voltage in order to avoid problems.

Standard voltage for different types as follows:

5 V - DDR
8 V - DDR2
5 V - DDR3
35 V - DDR3L (this is not a separate type, but a subspecies operating at a lower voltage)
1.2 V - DDR4

Note that only standard voltages are shown. Many manufacturers of memory sticks for laptops and computers provide their product with excellent.

A little about the design of modules

The differences in RAM for a computer can be seen already in the modules themselves. Appearance has no practical value for most users, so you should not bother in this regard. In general, RAM sticks can be divided into one-sided and double-sided. It is understood that the memory chips are soldered on one or both sides. If you collect new computer- choose any RAM modules. But in the case of adding memory to the existing one, you should give preference to similar modules. This will save the computer's RAM from instability and possible errors.

In 2018, RAM with heatsinks for cooling gained popularity. They are installed on strips with a high frequency, which get very hot during operation. They are more expensive than ordinary representatives. They may be interesting, except when assembling a gaming computer. In this case, special attention should be paid to ventilation and the system unit itself. As practice shows, the average user does not need them - an extra waste of money.

Memory modes

Many readers, I think, will be interested to hear about the modes in which the computer's RAM works. This moment is very important, especially for powerful PCs. There are four modes in total:

Single channel
Two-channel
Three-channel
Four-channel

The single-channel mode has long been outdated and is found only in the first and second generation of RAM. It works by writing data sequentially to each module. Multichannel modes are more effective in this regard. They write in parallel to all RAM modules. As it is not difficult to guess, the speed of the system increases significantly.

Again, support for operating modes directly depends on the motherboard. Modern models have a two-channel mode. Three-channel and four-channel are quite rare, only in very expensive motherboards.

There is also a nuance. Dual-channel modes work only when using two or four strips of RAM. Three-channel - three or six, four-channel - four or eight.

It is recommended to use the same RAM modules. Otherwise, performance in multichannel mode is not guaranteed. If you have a desire to overclock your old PC by adding a bar for dual channel mode, then find an identical module. Better to sell the old one and buy two new planks.

I must say right away that it differs only in one thing - in size. The RAM for the laptop is slightly smaller and is marked with the inscription SO-DIMM DDR. There are the same types as for a desktop computer. It does not differ in frequency, timings, voltage.

It should be borne in mind that laptops usually have 1 or 2 slots for installing RAM. Moreover, with serious volume restrictions. Before choosing RAM for a laptop, you should clarify the model specification.

We have not forgotten about the manufacturers of RAM either. There are a great many of them on the market. Many users are confused by this variety, so we have selected a few of the most popular and quality brands.

Crucial. In 2018, the majority of users choose RAM from this company. Perfectly suits the price / quality ratio. Offers models for both the budget and gaming segment.
Corsair. They produce excellent RAM modules, but the cost is significantly higher than their closest competitors.
Goodram. Inexpensive RAM alternative from Corsair. It works quickly, without delays, and is inexpensive.
AMD, Transcend, Patriot. These manufacturers can be put in one row. They produce good RAM modules at an affordable price. However, only budget models are in demand.
Hynix, Samsung. Companies holding leading positions among manufacturers of RAM modules. In 2018, they lost some weight on the markets, the reason for which was fakes. Choose RAM from Hynix and Samsung carefully so as not to run into a Chinese copy.
Skill, Geil, Team. I am sure that many readers do not know these companies. They will appeal to fans of RAM overclocking. They are inexpensive, the quality is at a high level.
Kingston. Produces cheap models. They do not shine with a special quality, therefore, the RAM strips often fail.