While working with personal computer it may be necessary to change, add or remove sections hard drive.

If at initial installation Windows 7 partition creation is interactive and intuitive, then making changes to the created partitions requires a certain skill.

Due to the lack of any experience in these matters, the user may incorrectly perform the necessary actions, which will subsequently lead to a complete loss of data or even to failure of the hard drive. The Disk Management utility will help facilitate the process of creating and modifying disk partitions.

Disk Management utility and its functions

The Disk Management utility is a tool for performing various operations with hard drives and their partitions.

With its help you can:

• create, delete, merge volumes on a disk;
• compress volumes;
• format volumes;
• assign characters to volumes;
• add volumes without reboot;
• manage local and remote drives online.

Opening "Disk Management"

There are several ways to launch the program.

Through the start menu

1. Click on the "Start" menu and right-click on "Computer". Select "Management".

   Right-click on "Computer" and select "Manage"

2. In the Computer Management window that opens, click on Disk Management.

   Select "Disk Management"

3. The Disk Management window will open.

   Disk Management window

1. Press the Win and R keys at the same time.

   Press the Win and R keys

2. In the "Run" dialog box that opens, enter the command "diskmgmt.msc" and click "OK".

   Enter the command "diskmgmt.msc" and click "OK"

1. Click on the "Start" menu, select "Control Panel".

   Click "Control Panel"

2. V search line Enter “administration” and click on the “Administration” section that appears.

   Click on the "Administration" section

3. Select "Computer Management" from the list.

   Select "Computer Management"

4. In the Computer Management window that opens, click on Disk Management.

   Click on "Disk Management"

There are situations when the Disk Management console does not open or opens, but the console window is empty and the warning "Failed to connect to the Logical Disk Manager service" appears.

The reasons for this problem may be different. To exclude their influence on the disk management process, you must perform the following steps:

1. Run an antivirus scan. launch antivirus program it is recommended to do it from an optical disc or from a secure flash drive. After checking, open the "Quarantine" of the antivirus. If the dmdskmgr.dll library is in Quarantine, then return it to its place.
2. Run the command Rundll32 setupapi, InstallHinfSection DefaultInstall 132 %windir%\inf\dmreg.inf through the Start menu and the Run window.
3. Go to the path "Control Panel" - "Administrative Tools" - "Services" and make sure that the "Logical Disk Manager" and "Logical Disk Manager Administrative Service" are running. If they are disabled, then enable them.
4. Enter the Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) menu. To do this, while turning on the computer, press Del, F2 or Esc (the choice of the key depends on the computer manufacturer). If there is no information about the connected HDD in the launch panel, then check the connecting cables at the points of connection to the drive.

The very first hard drives, first created by IBM in 1973, contained 30 cylinders, each of which was divided into 30 tracks.

By analogy with automatic rifles using the .30-30 Winchester cartridge, such discs were called "winchesters".

Over time, in colloquial speech, the word "winchester" was transformed into "screw".

Most "hard drives" are sold already prepared for Windows installation, i.e. the main partition has already been created on them.

The remaining operations are carried out during the installation of the system. Installation is carried out from a bootable optical disk or USB device.

At one of the installation stages, a window will appear asking you to select a space for installing the system.

Choosing a place to install the system

If the "hard drive" before going on sale was not prepared for the immediate installation of the system, then all operations will have to be done by the user. This will require a bootable optical disc or USB stick.

Before installation, configure in the BIOS ( basic system I/O) boot from DVD or USB:

1. At the initial stage of booting the computer, press the F11, F12 or Esc key (the choice of the key depends on the computer manufacturer) to call the Boot Menu.
2. In the menu that appears, select the drive from which you want to boot the system.

   In the menu that appears, select the drive from which you want to boot the system

When forming a partition on the "hard drive", all free space is used, and additional partitions are created after Windows installations 7.

If possible, it is better to use Windows boot PE in which programs are embedded Acronis Disk Director or Partition Magic. These utilities are designed to manage hard drive partitions.

Windows Preinstallation Environment (Windows PE) is used to prepare a computer for installing Windows. It is a built-in element of other installation and system recovery tools and is not intended to be used as a primary operating system.

In the absence of such boot disk, like Windows PE, you can:

1. Boot from the disk containing the Volkov Commander shell.

   Find fdisk.exe

2. In this shell, run the fdisk.exe system utility to create the primary and secondary partitions.

   Create primary and secondary partitions

The created logical drives must be formatted using the format.com utility. Now you can proceed to install Windows 7.

Manage logical drives "hard drive"

You can manage hard drive partitions through the context menu of each of them. They provide a set of commands necessary for work.

Partition compression

The command to shrink a logical disk is specified in context menu.

1. Right-click on the partition and select Shrink Volume from the context menu that opens.

   In the context menu, select "Compress Volume"

2. Enter the size of the compressed space in megabytes and click the "Compress" button.

   Enter the size of the compressible space and click the "Compress" button

Section creation

The new partition is created in a free area of ​​the hard drive that does not yet belong to the formatted volume. At the bottom of the Disk Management console, this space is highlighted in bright green, and is indicated as "Free" in the legend bar.

1. After the partition is compressed, right-click on the unallocated space and select "Create a simple volume" in the context menu.

   Right-click on the unallocated space and select "Create Simple Volume" from the context menu

2. The Create Wizard will start. simple volume».

   After launching the "New Simple Volume Wizard", click "Next"

3. Specify the size of the new volume.

   Specify the size of the new volume

4. Assign a drive letter (letter).

   Assign a drive letter (letter)

5. We decide on the file system, cluster size and volume label.
6. We are formatting the partition.

   We format the partition

7. In the last window, click on the "Finish" button and create a new logical drive.

   Click on the "Finish" button

Partition Formatting

1. In the context menu, select the "Format" command.

   Select "Format..."

2. You can set the word for the volume label, select the file system to reformat. It is recommended to leave the cluster size at the default. Click on "OK".

   Select the volume label, NTFS file system and click on "OK"

After reformatting, the volume is ready for use.

Changing a section letter

1. In the context menu, select the item "Change drive letter or drive path".

   Select "Change Drive Letter or Drive Path"

2. In the window that opens, click on the "Change" button, change the letter and click on "OK".

   Change the partition letter and click on "OK"

Merging Sections

When it becomes necessary to reduce the number of logical disks, two are combined into one joint logical disk. Before merging, the necessary information from the deleted logical disk is copied to another disk or to removable media.

To merge one drive with another:

1. Select the volume you want to attach and call the context menu. Click on "Delete Volume".

   Select the volume, call the context menu and click on "Delete volume"

2. A window will appear informing you that all data on the volume will be deleted. Confirm deletion.

   Confirm deletion

3. A partition with the status "Free" will appear in place of the deleted volume. Select it and select "Delete Partition" from the context menu.
4. To attach an empty volume to the desired logical drive, right-click on the section to which the empty partition will be attached, and select "Extend volume" in the context menu.

   We right-click on the section to which the empty partition will be attached, and select "Extend volume" in the context menu

5. In the next window, mark an empty volume and attach to the main volume.

   Mark an empty volume and attach to the main volume

After the merging is complete, restart Windows 7 to avoid errors and loss of information.

Disk management software

For disk management except standard utility"Disk Management", there are several programs. They have become widespread due to the clear and user-friendly interface. These programs include:

• Acronis Disk Director is a program that provides management logical drives and responsible for servicing "hard drives"; Provides management of logical disks and is responsible for servicing "hard drives"
• Partition Magic is a program with fewer features than Acronis Disk Director. This utility is outdated and not supported by most manufacturers, but is included software on old boot disks; This utility is obsolete and not supported by most manufacturers, but is included with the software on old boot disks
• AOMEI Partition Assistant- a lesser-known program for working with hard drive partitions. One of the advantages of this program is the ability to convert the master boot record from MBR format to GPT format without any loss of information. This feature can be useful when migrating from Windows 7 to Windows 8, and is necessary for users working with these systems. One of the advantages of this program is the ability to convert the master boot record from MBR format to GPT format without losing information.

In addition to these utilities, you can find other developments on the Internet designed to work with hard disk partitions.

Despite all the variety of utilities for working with hard drives, it is better to choose one, study it and use it in your work, since misuse programs can lead to the deletion of important data accumulated over many years of work. Restoring lost information will take a lot of time and effort, but may not lead to the desired result.

Source: https://kompkimi.ru/sovety/windows-7-upravlenie-diskami

Open msc windows snap-in via command line

msc windows snap

Good afternoon, dear readers and subscribers of the blog, today we will talk about how to open msc windows snap-ins through the command line, what you might need it for and how it will help in the daily practice of a system administrator.

Believe the knowledge gained in this article will save you a huge amount of time and nerve cells in the future, not to mention the opportunity to show off your nerd knowledge in front of your colleagues, just if you actively use linux systems and know the basic commands in the console, then you will be interested in these. Always, if possible, strive to explore, in addition to GUI interfaces, also alternative methods of configuration, since when Windows setup Server are increasingly opting for core mode with a minimalist interface.

What is msc snap

And so msc in Windows stands for Microsoft System Console, even simpler are windows, or as they are also called snap-ins, to control certain functions of the operating system. Earlier, I already introduced you to the method of creating a convenient mmc snap-in, in which we added everything we needed system administrator for daily administration.

And you probably ask, what does the command line and all that have to do with it, but what does it have to do with it.

Imagine a situation where you have a domain in your organization Active Directory, ordinary users do not have local administrator rights on their workstations, everything goes and works like clockwork, a situation happens that, for example, you need to change some settings for the user, and you need to do it now, so look for these settings in group policy no time. What to do to go under yourself is not an option, since you need to make changes in another user profile, and how to open, for example, the Computer Management or System snap-in.

This is where knowing the name of the msc windows snap-ins and the command line will help us.

All you have to do is open a command prompt as an administrator and type in the name of the msc snap-in. Below is a list. As you can see by opening the cmd prompt.

exe, for example, I entered a value that opens the control panel with system administrator rights.

Elements of the msc Management Console snap-in

• appwiz.cpl- Installation and removal of programms
• certmgr.msc— Certificates
• ciadv.msc- Indexing Service
• cliconfig— SQL network client program
• clipbrd- Clipboard
• compmgmt.msc- Computer management
• dcomcnfg— DCOM component management console
• ddeshare- DDE shares (does not work on Win7)
• desk.cpl- Screen Properties
• devmgmt.msc- Device Manager
• dfrg.msc- Disk defragmentation
• diskmgmt.msc- Disk management
• drwtsn32— Dr. Watson
• dxdiag- DirectX Diagnostic Service
• eudcedit- Personal character editor
• eventvwr.msc- Event Viewer
• firewall.cpl- Windows firewall settings
• gpedit.msc- Group Policy
• fsmgmt.msc- Shared folders
• fsquirt- Bluetooth File Transfer Wizard
• chkdsk- Check disks (usually launched with drive_letter: /f /x /r)
• control printers- Printers and Faxes - does not always start
• control admintools- Computer Administration - does not always start
• control schedules- Scheduled tasks (scheduler)
• control userpasswords2 - Account Management
• compmgmt.msc- Computer management (compmgmt.msc /computer=pc - remote control computer pc)
• lusrmgr.msc- Local users and groups
• mmc- creating your own equipment
• mrt.exe- Malware removal
• msconfig- System settings (autostart, services)
• mstsc- Remote Desktop Connection
• ncpa.cpl- Network connections

• ntmsmgr.msc- Removable storage
• mmsys.cpl- Sound
• ntmsoprq.msc- Removable RAM operators requests (for XP)
• odbccp32.cpl- Data Source Administrator
• perfmon.msc- Performance
• regedit- Registry Editor
• rsop.msc— Resulting policy
• secpol.msc- Local Security Settings (Local Security Policy)
• services.msc- Services
• sfc /scannow- Restoring system files
• sigverif— Checking the signature of a file
• sndvol- volume control
• sysdm.cpl- System properties
• syskey- Account database protection
• taskmgr- Task Manager
• utilman Utility Manager
• verifier Driver Check Manager
• wmimgmt.msc- WMI Management Infrastructure

List of msc snap-ins for Windows Server

Let's look at how the Windows Administrative Snap-ins are launched from the cmd.exe command line

• domain.msc - Active Directory domains and trusts
• dsa.msc - Active Directory Users and Computers (AD Users and Computers)
• tsadmin.msc - Terminal Services Manager
• gpmc.msc - GPO Management Console (Group Policy Management Console)
• gpedit.msc - Group Policy Object Editor
• tscc.msc - Terminal Server Configuration (TS Configuration)
• rrasmgmt.msc - Routing and Remote Access
• dssite.msc - Active Directory Sites and Trusts (AD Sites and Trusts)
• dompol.msc - Domain Security Settings
• dсpol.msc - Domain controller security policy (DC Security Settings)
• dfsgui.msc - Distributed File System (DFS)
• dnsmgmt.msc - DNS
• iscsicpl.exe - iSCSI Initiator
• odbcad32.exe - Source Administrator ODBC data 32 bits
• odbcad64.exe - 64 bit ODBC Data Source Administrator
• powershell.exe -noexit -command import-module ActiveDirectory — Powershell Active Directory Module
• dfrgui.exe - Disk Optimization
• taskschd.msc /s - Task Scheduler
• dsac.exe - Active Directory Administrative Center
• printmanagement.msc - Print Management
• vmw.exe - Volume License Activation Tool
• eventvwr.msc /s - Event Viewer
• adsiedit.msc - ADSIedit editor
• wbadmin.msc - Windows Server Backup
• ServerManager.exe - Server Manager

As you can see, msc windows snap-in is very useful tools system administration.

It's even faster for me to open some snap-ins than to click on a bunch of windows, especially if the server or computer slows down or there is no mouse. And in any case, knowing such things is always useful.

Most of everything we use is stored in c:\Windows\System32. If you go into this folder, you can find a lot of interesting things.

nbtstat -a pc- username of the remote machine pc
net localgroup group user /add- Add to group group, user user
net local groupgroup user/delete- Remove user from group
net send pc "" text "" - send a message to the user of the computer pc
net sessions- a list of users
net session /delete closes all network sessions
net use l: \\computer name\folder\- to plug network drive l: folder on the remote computer
net user name /active:no- block user
net user name /active:yes- unblock user
net user name /domain— information about the domain user
net user Name /add- add user
net user Name /delete- delete user
netstat -a- list of all connections to the computer
reg add- Add a parameter to the registry
reg compare- Compare parts of the registry.
reg copy- Copies from one partition to another
reg delete- Deletes the specified option or section
reg export- Export part of the registry
reg import- Respectively import part of the registry
reg load- Loads the selected part of the registry
reg query- Displays the values ​​of the specified registry branch
reg restore- Restores the selected part of the registry from a file
reg save- Saves the selected part of the registry
reg unload- Unloads the selected part of the registry
shutdown- shutdown a computer, you can remotely turn off another one.
SystemInfo /s machine- will show a lot of useful information about the remote machine

List of command items in the Windows Control Panel

• control /name Microsoft.AutoPlay - Autoplay
• control /name Microsoft.OfflineFiles - Offline Files
• control /name Microsoft.AdministrativeTools - Administration
• control /name Microsoft.BackupAndRestore - Backup and Restore
• control /nameMicrosoft.WindowsFirewall - Windows Firewall Windows
• control /name Microsoft.Recovery - Recovery
• control /name Microsoft.DesktopGadgets - Desktop Gadgets
• control /name Microsoft.DateAndTime - Date and Time
• control /name Microsoft.DeviceManager - Device Manager
• control /name Microsoft.CredentialManager - Credential Manager
• control /name Microsoft.HomeGroup - HomeGroup
• Windowscontrol /name Microsoft.WindowsDefender - Windows Defender
• control /name Microsoft.Sound - Sound
• control /name Microsoft.NotificationAreaIcons — Notification area icons
• control /name Microsoft.GameControllers - Game Controllers
• Keyboardcontrol /name Microsoft.Keyboard - Keyboard
• control /name Microsoft.Mouse - Mouse
• control /name Microsoft.TaskbarAndStartMenu - Taskbar and Start Menu
• control - Control Panel
• control /name Microsoft.Fonts - Folder "Fonts"
• control /name Microsoft.IndexingOptions — Indexing Options
• control /name Microsoft.FolderOptions - Folder Options
• control /name Microsoft.PenAndTouch - Pen and touch devices
• control /name Microsoft.Personalization - Personalization
• control /name Microsoft.RemoteAppAndDesktopConnections - Remote Desktop Connections
• control /name Microsoft.GetPrograms - Get programs
• control /name Microsoft.GettingStarted - Getting Started
• control /name Microsoft.ProgramsAndFeatures - Programs and Features
• control /name Microsoft.DefaultPrograms - Default programs
• control /name Microsoft.SpeechRecognition - Speech Recognition
• control /name Microsoft.ParentalControls - Parental control
• control /name Microsoft.InternetOptions - Internet Options
• control /name Microsoft.TextToSpeech - Speech Properties
• control /name Microsoft.System - System
• control /name Microsoft.ScannersAndCameras - Scanners and cameras
• control /name Microsoft.PerformanceInformationAndTools - Performance counters and tools
• control /name Microsoft.PhoneAndModem - Phone and modem
• control /name Microsoft.ColorManagement - Color Management
• control /name Microsoft.Troubleshooting - Troubleshooting
• control /name Microsoft.DevicesAndPrinters - Devices and Printers
• control /name Microsoft.UserAccounts - Accounts users
• control /name Microsoft.MobilityCenter - Mobility Center
• control /name Microsoft.WindowsUpdate - Update Center
• control /name Microsoft.ActionCenter - Action Center
• control /name Microsoft.SyncCenter - Synchronization Center
• control /name Microsoft.EaseOfAccessCenter - Ease of Access Center
• control /name Microsoft.NetworkAndSharingCenter - Network and Sharing Center
• control /name Microsoft.BitLockerDriveEncryption - Drive Encryption
• control /name Microsoft.Display - Screen
• control /name Microsoft.PowerOptions - Power Options
• control /name Microsoft.RegionAndLanguage - Regional and Language Options

Faced such a problem: when connecting any removable external hard USB disk / Windows flash drives does not assign a drive letter to it. When you connect a disk, a message appears about installing a new device, the disk appears in the device manager, but does not appear in the explorer.

In order for a drive to become available on the system, it must be manually assigned a drive letter each time through the Disk Management console. To do this, you need to open the console Computer management(via the Win + X menu) and go to the section storage devices -> Disk Management. In the list of disks, find the connected removable USB device. As you can see, the disk is healthy, one partition with the NTFS file system has been created on it, but it has not been assigned a drive letter. To assign a letter to it, right-click on the section and select the menu item " Change Drive Letter or Drive Path».

In the window that appears, click the " Add”, select the item “” and in the drop-down list select the letter you want to assign to the drive (for example, F:) and click OK.

After that, the connected USB drive appears in Explorer with a drive letter assigned to it. However, after turning off USB devices or restarting the computer, it is again not assigned a drive letter. You have to assign the letter again manually through disk management - which is somewhat annoying.

Advice. Make sure Windows detects the partition(s) on the mapped drive and that the partition is formatted with the NTFS/FAT32/ file system. If, or the disk is unpartitioned, most likely the USB disk is just new or the partition table is damaged and you will have to restore the file system first.

It seems that some function of automatic partition detection on external hard drives does not work.

How can the problem be solved?

First check if the service is running virtual disk(in service called Virtual Disk ). You can check the service status through the service management console ( services.msc).

or from the command line:

Sc query vds

SERVICE_NAME: vds
TYPE: 10 WIN32_OWN_PROCESS
STATE: 1 STOPPED
WIN32_EXIT_CODE: 0 (0x0)
SERVICE_EXIT_CODE: 0 (0x0)
CHECKPOINT: 0x0
WAIT_HINT: 0x0

If the service is stopped, start it from the graphical snap-in (Start button) or like this:

Net start vds

Advice. In some cases, for the Virtual Disk service to work correctly, you have to change its startup type to Automatic (see ).

Check if the problem persists. If enabling the service Virtual Disk did not help, check if the automatic mounting of new volumes is enabled.

Note. When the automount feature is enabled, Windows automatically mounts file systems new disks connected to the system and itself assigns drive letters to partitions. If automount is disabled, Windows detects new drives but does not produce them automatic installation and does not assign drive letters to new volumes.

Open a command prompt window (with administrator rights) and run the commands:

diskpart

Within diskpart, check if automatic mounting is enabled for new volumes:

DISKPART>automount

Automatic mounting of new volumes disabled.
As we can see, automount is disabled. Let's turn it on

DISKPART> automount enable

Automatic mounting of new volumes enabled.
Automatic mounting of new volumes is enabled.

Let's finish working with diskpart

DISKPART> exit

Leaving DiskPart...

Note. By the way, the automount function is also responsible for the fact that the system remembers the drive letter assigned to the drive. Due to this, the next USB connection partitions on the external drive will be assigned the same letters as the previous time it was connected (naturally, if these letters are not occupied). To clear the saved associations, you need to use the command automountscrub.

Restart your computer and check if the letters are assigned external drives.

Check if the partition is set to USB disk attributes hidden and "won't assign a drive letter". V command line diskpart run:

Thereafter this section on a flash drive, a drive letter should be automatically assigned on any computer.

Also keep in mind that if the USB flash drive has multiple partitions, then Windows will only see the first partition. The ability to create appeared only in Windows 10 1703 (before that, in order for you to have the second and subsequent partitions on flash drives available in Windows, you had to use a trick that forced you to).

If your flash drive does not appear in the disk management console, try using a different USB port, cable. Try connecting the flash drive directly to the computer (without a USB hub), check if it is powered on and if it is detected on other computers.

Welcome! This blog is dedicated to the Internet and computers, or rather was dedicated to them.

Probably, it is immediately clear that for many years no new articles have appeared on the site. Yes, that is the fate of most blogs. Once this project was an ambitious undertaking, and the author, like many others writing at that time, had ambitious plans to become one of the best Russian bloggers. Well, if you look now, of those blogs that were created at the same time as mine, most have already disappeared into eternity. And I simply didn’t have enough time to blog. So yeah, it's not updated anymore. Although once we won the contest "Runet Blog 2011" with this site.

I even thought about deleting all this, but then I reviewed the old materials, and realized that they could still be useful to readers. Yes, some articles are outdated (if I have the strength, they will receive appropriate marks), but the site, for example, can be useful for beginners - here you can read about the basic concepts of the Internet, learn how to configure the Internet, Windows, or even decide to switch to Linux. So look at the categories and choose the one that suits you.

And yet, I hope that this is more than just a blog, but a real guide to the Internet. The site can be viewed in directory mode, where all available articles are structured by category. And, who knows, maybe one day new quality articles will start to appear here.

sander

Picodi.ru is a discount portal from International Coupons, a Polish expert in the field of savings and cheap shopping. The Poles are considered one of the most economical nations in the world, so it is not surprising that this type of project grew out of the Polish startup kodyrabatowe.pl. How can this portal be useful to an ordinary Internet user in Russia?

Modern android phones are more than phones. You get used to the set installed programs, to your call history and text messages, photo collections and more. But time goes by, and the device that suits you completely starts to slow down, fail, or simply loses its presentable appearance due to chips on the case or scratches on the screen. There is a question of choosing a new phone and changing android phone. And if we now bypass the issue of choice, then "moving" to new phone remains a serious problem - you absolutely do not want to start all the data from scratch. That's what we'll talk about today.

Most of the readers of this blog, most likely, have never encountered version control systems and will not encounter them in the near future. It's a pity. This extremely convenient invention is widely used by programmers, but, in my opinion, it could be very useful for those who actively work with texts. But, probably, now there is not a single version control system that would be easy to start using for "office" ( Microsoft office) work. Nevertheless, I think that the material presented in the article may be of interest to all readers.

If you have been thinking about how to watch movies on the network and access the Internet from your TV, this article is for you. No, I know that some TVs already have Smart functionality TV, however I have never seen it work properly. This is probably why Google recently demonstrated an absolutely amazing device that immediately became a sensation. We are talking about the Chromecast media streamer (Chromkast), a more advanced and affordable version of last year's failed Nexus Q player.

The Chromecast Dongle, which measures no more than 2 inches, connects to the port HDMI TV and allows you to enjoy streaming web content. To control the streamer, you can use any device (tablet, PC, smartphone) based on the operating platform iOS, Windows, Android or Mac OS.

This article is about the device system android memory, problems that may arise due to its lack and ways to solve them. I myself recently encountered the fact that my android phone began to regularly issue messages about lack of memory when trying to install this or that application. What was very strange for me, given that, according to the description on the market, there should have been about 16GB, and even I increased this amount with an additional memory card. However, there was a problem, and I had to tinker a lot before I found the right solution that did not require root access or a complete reset of the phone to the factory state.