If you need to create an external ftp server, you can use Filezilla. If you need an ftp server inside the network, it's easier to do general access to some folder using standard services.
If you haven't downloaded the program yet, do it right now. After installing and launching it, a small window will appear on your screen for entering the system.
The host for connection must be 127.0.0.1, port 14147, password - empty.
Now we need to go to the settings of our future ftp server.
1. You need to create a user to connect to the server from outside. Go to the "Edit" menu, then select the "Users" item
2.Click the "ADD" button and specify the username (account) in the very first field
3. Now you need to add a folder to which the user will connect. Click the "add" button in "shared folders". I added a folder with desktop wallpaper.
Password
If you need to specify a password for a user, just check the "password" checkbox and enter it.
Baud rate
If a certain user needs to limit the baud rate, go to the "Speed Limits" section.
IP Filters
To prevent other users from connecting to your server, create your blacklist on the "Ip filter" tab.
Now we press the OK button, and try to connect to the server using any ftp client... My connection went smoothly, and I ended up in the Wallpaper folder.
But what if your friend or someone you know wants to connect? Only you can connect to the IP address 127.0.0.1, which means you need to specify your current IP address. If no one and even you can not connect to a real IP address, there are two options for which an error occurs.
Connection problems
1. Included windows firewall... by the way, it was because of him that the connection from the outside did not go through
2. The Internet works through a router. To do this, you need to register a route to your local IP, indicating port 21.
Turn off firewall
In Windows XP you need to log in.
Register a route in a router
Unfortunately, I do not know all the settings of various routers, but with an example I can show how this is done on Zyxel. We go into the shell at 192.168.1.1, and then find the NAt section. In this section, you must specify the "Ftp" service, as well as the local ip address of your computer with the Filezilla program (for example, you may have another 192.168.1.33), do not confuse it with the real one.
What happens after adding a rule? When a user accesses your real IP on port 21, the router will connect the user to the program FileZilla Server.
If the connection was successful, you can see the connected user in the log, as well as see why this or that user could not connect.
Hello admin, please explain to me what an FTP server is and can I create it myself on my computer?
In short, I have a regular system unit and three laptops at home, all these machines are connected to the Internet through a router, can I from stationary computer make a real FTP server, and download and upload files to it directly from all laptops? Just installed on a regular computer HDD by 3 TB and it turns out that no one uses it, all relatives prefer laptops on which disk space is already running out.
Hi friends! Our Ro8 wrote a cool article for you on this topic, read it.
Firstly, FTP is a client-server file transfer protocol over the Internet, and FTP server is a file storage on the Internet, that is - regular computer with installed Windows 7, 8.1 or Windows Server 2012 and several large hard drives that can hold any of your files. There is a program installed on this computer, for example - FileZilla Server, anyone else can connect to this computer using: command line, Windows explorer and various programs, we will consider two in our article:FileZilla Client, and Total commander ... After connecting to You can upload any files (movies, music, etc.) to the FTP server and also download them.
ControlThe FTP server will be performed by the administrator who installed the program - FileZilla Server. It is here that you can assign different access rights to each user. (opportunity file changes on server): Append (the ability to modify files), Read (read only), Write (write), Delete (delete). Naturally, most of the users can not be given the Delete permission.
- Note: From almost any computer or laptop (even with one hard disk) can be done FTP server and connect other computers to it to receive files and it is not at all necessary that all computers be connected to one router,An FTP server can be created on the Internet and made available to hundreds and thousands of users.
How is the work going
As a software implementation of an FTP server, the article will consider the FileZilla Server program, which will be installed on a machine with Windows Server 2012
Also, a computer with preinstalled Windows 8.1 Enterprise (x64) is used as the machine from which the connection to the created FTP server will be made
In order for a machine with Windows 8.1 to be able to connect to the FTP server, the FileZilla Client program will be installed on it (one of the connection methods using this program)
Go to https://filezilla-project.org and download FileZilla Server and FileZilla Client
Downloaded file Run FileZilla Server on a Windows Server 2012 machine, but FileZilla Client file on Windows 8.1 machine... Both programs are installed the same way. First of all, we will install the FileZilla Server program.
Installing FileZilla Server
After launching the downloaded FileZilla Server file on Windows Server 2012, click next
Click Install
Install
FileZilla Server installation process
Installation completed
After installation, this window will open, in which we enter the local address of the FTP server and click OK
After entering the local address of the FTP server, the main window of FileZilla Server will appear
Let's make some settings by selecting Edit-Users
On the General tab, to add a new user, click on the Add button
Enter the username. OK
Opposite Password, put a tick and enter the password of the added user
Go to the Shared Folders tab. On this tab, add the FTP01 folder, which will be available to the created user Ro8. Click Add
We indicate the previously created folder FTP01. OK
Select the added folder and specify access rights for it: - Read (read only), Write (write), Delete (delete), Append (the ability to change files in this folder)
Determine the ip address of the machine with Windows Server 2012 (192.168.1.4)
Installing FileZilla Client
Go to a Windows 8.1 machine and install the FileZilla Client program
We accept the license agreement
Installation
Installation completed
We have a network shown in the diagram
Let's connect to the FTP server in different ways.
Connect to FTP server using command line
On a Windows 8.1 machine, start the command line.
We indicate the username (Ro8) and enter the password. Password is not displayed when typing
Logged on means that we have logged into the FTP server
Create a folder My_Backup_win8.1 on the FTP server - by entering the command mkdir My_Backup_win8.1
Let's see the list of folders on the FTP server - by entering the ls command
As you can see, there is a folder My_Backup_win8.1 on the FTP server.
Close the connection to the FTP server by entering the bye command
Connecting to an FTP server using the T program otal Commander
Let's run it on a Windows 8.1 machine file manager Total Commander. To set up a connection to an FTP server, click on the button indicated in the screenshot
Click Add
Specify the connection name (optional), server and port (the server is the ip address of the FTP server, the port is 21). We also indicate the username and password. OK
Select the created FTP connection and click Connect
FTP server connection established
To disconnect from the FTP server, click Disconnect
Disconnected from FTP server
Connecting to an FTP server using the program FileZilla Client
Launch the FileZilla Client program
The main program window will open
Good day.
You may need to restart your computer for a variety of reasons: for example, so that changes or settings in Windows (which you recently changed) can take effect; or after installing a new driver; also in cases when the computer starts to slow down or freeze (the first thing that even many experts recommend doing).
True, it should be admitted that modern versions Windows is less and less in need of rebooting, not like, for example, Windows 98, where after every sneeze (literally) you had to reboot the machine ...
In general, this post is more for novice users, in it I want to touch on several ways how you can turn off and restart your computer (even in cases where standard way does not work).
1) The classic way to restart your PC
If the START menu opens and the mouse "runs" around the monitor, why not try to restart the computer in the most usual way? In general, there is probably nothing to comment on here: just open the START menu and select the shutdown section - then from the three proposed options, select the one that you need (see Fig. 1).
Rice. 1. Windows 10 - shutdown / restart PC
If the mouse does not work (for example, the cursor does not move), then the computer (laptop) can be turned off or restarted using the keyboard. For example, you can click the button Win- the menu should open START, and in it already select (using the arrows on the keyboard) the shutdown button. But sometimes, the START menu also does not open, what should I do in this case?
Press the button combination ALT and F4 (these are buttons for closing the window). If you are in any application, it will close. But if you are on the desktop, then a window should appear in front of you, as in Fig. 2. In it, with the help.
You can also restart your computer using the command line (for this you only need to enter one command).
To launch the command line, press the key combination WIN and R(in Windows 7, the run line is located in the START menu). Next enter the command CMD and press ENTER (see fig. 3).
On the command line, you just need to enter shutdown –r -t 0 and press ENTER (see fig. 4). Attention! The computer will be restarted in the same second, all applications will be closed, and not the saved data is lost!
Rice. 4.shutdown -r -t 0 - immediate reboot
4) Crash (not recommended, but what to do ?!)
In general, this method is best used last. With it, the loss of not saved information is possible, after rebooting in this way - often Windows will check the disk for errors and so on.
Computer
On the case of the most ordinary classic system unit Usually, the Reset (or reboot) button is located next to the power button of the PC. On some system units, you need to use a pen or pencil to press it.
Rice. 5. Classic view of the system unit
By the way, if you do not have a Reset button, you can try to hold it down for 5-7 seconds. computer power button. In this case, usually, it just turns off (why not reboot?).
You can also turn off the computer using the power on / off button next to network cable... Well, or just unplug the plug (the latest option and the most reliable of all ...).
Rice. 6. System unit - rear view
Notebook
On a laptop, most often, there are no specials. Reset buttons - all actions are performed by the power button (although on some models there are "hidden" buttons that can be pressed with a pencil or pen. Usually, they are located either on the back of the laptop or under some kind of lid).
Therefore, if the laptop freezes and does not respond to anything, just hold down the power button for 5-10 seconds... After a few seconds, the laptop usually "beeps" and turns off. Then it can be turned on as usual.
Rice. 7. Power Button - Lenovo Laptop
Also, you can turn off the laptop by disconnecting it from the mains and removing the battery (it is usually held by a couple of latches, see Fig. 8).
Rice. 8. Battery release latches
5) How to close a frozen application
A hung application may "prevent" you from restarting your PC. If your computer (laptop) does not restart and you want to calculate it to check if there is such a frozen application, then it can be easily calculated in task manager: just notice that it says “Not responding” next to it (see Figure 9).
Remark! To enter the task manager, hold down the Ctrl + Shift + Esc (or Ctrl + Alt + Del) buttons.
Actually, to close it - just highlight it in the same task manager and click the "End task" button, then confirm your choice. By the way, all data in the application that you forcibly close will not be saved. Therefore, in some cases it makes sense to wait, perhaps the application after 5-10 minutes. will hang down and you can continue to work with it (in this case, I recommend immediately saving all the data from it).
6) How to restart your computer in safe mode
This is sometimes necessary, for example, when a driver has been installed - but it did not fit. And now, when you turn on and Windows boot- you see blue screen, or you don't see anything at all :). In this case, you can boot in safe mode(and only the most basic software that is needed to start the PC is loaded in it) and remove all unnecessary!
In most cases, in order for the Windows boot menu to appear, you need to press the F8 key after turning on the computer (moreover, it is better to press it in a row 10 times until loading in progress PC). Next, you should see a menu like in fig. 10. Then it remains only to select the desired mode and continue the download.
Rice. 10. Option to boot Windows in safe mode.
If you can't boot (for example, you don't get a similar menu), I recommend that you read the following article:
An article on how to enter Safe Mode [relevant for Windows XP, 7, 8, 10]
That's all for me. Good luck to all!
A novice laptop user is often faced with the problem of restarting the PC. For different types The reboot process may differ from the state of the computer, so this article will cover all methods of rebooting, including when the laptop freezes.
Unfortunately, it is common for any system to fail. If you happen to have a laptop freeze, you need to restart it. Below will be discussed options for performing a reboot depending on the degree of the problem.
Method 1.
As you may have noticed, the laptop lacks the reset button, which is often found on desktop PCs. To restart a laptop that is working fine, you need to do the following:
1. Open the menu "Start" ;
2. Next to the "Shutdown" button there is a miniature arrow on which you need to hover the mouse cursor to call extra menu and select the item... Ready!
Method 2.
The second method of rebooting is worth resorting to if the program is frozen on your program, preventing even the Start menu from opening.
1. Press the Ctrl + Alt + Delete key combination on the keyboard;
2. A blue menu will open in front of you, in which you need to select the item "Start Task Manager" ;
3. A window will open next Windows Task Manager , in which you can terminate the work of any incorrectly working program. Go to the tab "Processes" ;
4. As you can see, Windows runs many different processes. It is strongly discouraged to close all processes indiscriminately, otherwise you will then simply. You also need to terminate the program that caused the computer to freeze. Find it in the list of processes, once click on it and select the item "End process" ;
5. You can now reboot your computer using the first method without any problems.
Method 3.
The third method should be used only if the system is frozen tightly and does not respond to any actions. Some users like to turn off the laptop in this way on a permanent basis, but this is completely wrong. one day you may find yourself with.
This method is that you hold down the power button of the laptop for a few seconds until the system turns off abruptly. Although this method is not recommended, but it saves in most situations.
Method 4.
In very rare cases, the computer turns into a brick, not even responding to a hard-reset. In this case, you have to resort to the most radical method, which should be used only in the most critical situations.
First, unplug the computer, and then remove the battery from the back of the laptop. Leave the laptop without the battery for a while, then put it back in place and try turning on the laptop.
In some laptop models, the batteries are not removable, so in this case the computer must be disconnected from the mains and wait complete discharge battery until the laptop turns off.
As you can see, the method for restarting the laptop depends on the problem. If you encounter a freeze on your computer, never panic, but follow the steps in this article step by step.
User's laptop stuck? What to do? We will have to answer this question further. After all, every user can face a freeze of the operating system. Often, in the case of laptops, you can reboot the PC using a more extensive list of tricks. They will be discussed further. Unfortunately, restarting the OS in case of glitches is not always safe. And this must be taken into account first of all. Therefore, we will try to study the safer reboot techniques first.
Sources of problems
Laptop problems can happen at any time. This usually results in slow work OS, and then to a complete freeze of the computer.
The most common causes of "glitches" are the following factors:
- software incompatibility;
- a lack of random access memory;
- processor load;
- system failures;
- viruses;
- incorrectly installed operating system;
- downed OS settings.
Often, a system rollback or an increase in RAM helps to correct the situation. But first you have to turn off your PC. Laptop freeze? What to do? How do I restart or shut down my laptop? About all possible options development of events will be discussed below.
Normal reboot
Let's start by examining a simple computer restart. It only helps when the OS reacts to user actions, but very slowly.
You need to do the following (on Windows example 7):
- In the lower left corner, click on the Windows image.
- Near the line "Finish work" click on the arrow.
All that remains now is to wait. The computer will terminate all processes and then reboot the operating system. Laptop freeze? What to do in this case?
Force reboot
If the computer "stuck" and does not restart in the usual way, it is necessary to perform a forced restart of the OS. This is a normal phenomenon, the technique is used in practice quite often.
It is necessary to act like this:
- Click on keyboard Ctrl+ Alt + Del.
- In the lower right corner, click on the arrow button. Next to it will be an image of the shutdown of the PC.
- Select the "Restart" function in the menu that appears.
It is done. In fact, everything is not as difficult as it seems. And now it is clear what to do if the laptop has a black screen or a simple freeze. But this is just the beginning. There are actually several other ways to deal with laptop glitches.
Reboot without shutting down
Laptop freeze? What to do? If the operating system is still responsive to user input, you can try to restart without shutting down the computer. This practice exists, but it is not used very often.
So, it is proposed to act like this:
- Open the functional menu in any way (via "Start" or Ctrl + Alt + Del).
- Select the "Log out" option.
- Wait a while.
So the user will be able to re-enter the operating system without shutting down the computer. Although, as practice shows, exiting the OS is rarely used in practice.
Power buttons
How do I restart my laptop if it freezes? Sometimes it happens that the operating system stops responding to any user actions. In this case, as a rule, a reboot does not help. We have to urgently turn off the laptop.
This can also be done in several ways. We found out why the laptop freezes. Regardless of the reason for the "glitches", in some cases the user must urgently shut down the OS. To do this, just press the laptop power button and hold it in this position for a few seconds (5-10).
What will happen? The computer will be shut down urgently. After turning it on, the user will be offered several options for loading the operating system - for example, in safe mode and in normal mode.
Battery to help
What if my laptop has a black screen? The previously listed techniques will help to correct the situation. But what if they didn't work?
Under certain circumstances, the user can try to shutdown the laptop like this:
- Disconnect the power cord.
- Turn the laptop over.
- Disconnect the battery from the main body.
- Insert it back.
It is done! After the listed actions, the user can turn on the computer again. This technique is not relevant for all laptops. It is not suitable for devices with non-removable batteries. Therefore, removing the battery does not always help to get rid of glitches and freezes.
Power off
Laptop freezes and won't shutdown? The following advice may be suitable for users who work with laptops without batteries, that is, with the battery disconnected.
If the computer cannot be restarted, it must be turned off. Not the best, but very effective method is to disconnect the laptop from the power source.
Speaking in simple words, the user simply has to unplug the power cord from the laptop. If the laptop was initially not connected to the battery, an emergency shutdown of the OS will occur.
Attention: this technique is used in extreme cases. It can cause quite serious damage to the computer and the operating system as a whole.
This does not mean that turning off the power of the laptop is contraindicated. Sometimes this approach is the only method to solve the problem that has arisen. Therefore, every modern user should know about it.
Eating and waiting
How to restart a laptop if it freezes and does not respond to user actions? It all depends on the circumstances. After all, sometimes it is possible to reboot by simply disconnecting the laptop from the network.
What if my laptop has a non-removable battery and is powered directly? Such circumstances, if you exclude shutdown with the Power button, provide for only one scenario - waiting.
What does it mean? You need to follow these instructions:
- Unplug the laptop from the power cord.
- Try to restart the computer using the previously listed methods (using the keyboard).
- Wait a few hours.
You can do without step 2. That is, just unplug the laptop and wait. True, you need to be patient - the wait will be long. Until the battery of the device is fully discharged. Even in a freeze state, the OS consumes its energy reserve.
What will happen? The computer will simply be discharged and shut down. After that, it remains just to connect the laptop to power through the wire, wait a few minutes (not necessary, but desirable), and then turn it on using the Power button.
Old OS and reboot
We managed to find out why the laptop freezes. And we also had to familiarize ourselves with the main methods of rebooting the OS. How exactly to proceed? Each user decides this independently, taking into account the situation that has arisen.
Laptop freeze? What to do? When it comes to old operating systems, you can only restart your computer through the keyboard. Not always, but very often.
The user just needs to press Ctrl + Alt + Del several times (with short pauses). After that, an emergency restart of the PC will be carried out.
For stationary computers
We figured out what to do if the laptop freezes. And why such situations arise - too. A few words about what additional trick can be used only on stationary computers.
There is a special toggle switch on the back of the system unit (near the power supply). You just need to turn it off and then turn it on again. The computer will shut down. Then you can turn it on and continue to work with the operating system.
