Google chrome

• Ctrl + L or ALT + D or F6 - go to the address bar and select its contents;
• Ctrl + K or Ctrl + E - go to the address bar and enter a query for the default search engine;
• Ctrl + Enter - turns tratata in the address bar into www.tratata. com :)
• Ctrl + T - new tab;
• Ctrl + N - new window;
• Ctrl + Shift + T - return the last closed tab;
• Ctrl + Shift + N - secret level "Chrome" :) New window in "Incognito" mode;
• Shift + Esc - another secret level :) Built-in task manager;
• Ctrl + Tab or Ctrl + PageDown- as elsewhere, scroll through the tabs from left to right;
• Ctrl + Shift + Tab or Ctrl + PageUp - scroll through the tabs from right to left;
• Ctrl + 1, ..., Ctrl + 8 - switches between the first eight tabs;
• Ctrl + 9 - switches to the last tab;
• Backspace or Alt + left arrow - go to the previous page in the history of the current tab;
• Shift + Backspace or Alt + Right Arrow - go to the next page in the history of the current tab;
• Shift + Alt + T - switch to the button toolbar; after that, you can move along it with the arrows to the left and right, and select the button by pressing Enter;
• Ctrl + J - open the tab of all downloads;
• Ctrl + Shift + J - open developer tools (View item code menu);
• Ctrl + W or Ctrl + F4 - close the active tab or pop-up window;
• Ctrl + R or F5 - as elsewhere, update ( open tab);
• Ctrl + H - open the history tab (History);
• Ctrl + Shift + Delete - clear history window;
• Ctrl + F or Ctrl + G - search for text on open page;
• Ctrl + U - view the HTML source of the page; by the way, the address bar is view-source: FULL_URL will show the source from this URL;
• Ctrl + O - as elsewhere, the file open window ... and the "File" menu do not need to be searched;
• Ctrl + S - similarly - saving the current page;
• Ctrl + P - print the current page;
• Ctrl + D - add to bookmarks, like in most browsers;
• Ctrl + Shift + B - open the Bookmarks Manager;
• Alt + Home - return to home page;
• Ctrl ++ (plus), Ctrl + - (minus) - zoom in and out; "plus" and "minus" can be normal or gray;
• Ctrl + 0 - return to 100% display scale;
• F11 - full screen and back.
• Opening links in Chrome is also convenient if you get used to it, and the right mouse button is not needed:
• Ctrl + clicking on the link (option - clicking on the link with the middle mouse button or with the scroll wheel) - open the link in a new tab without switching to it;
• Ctrl + Shift + clicking on the link (option - Shift + clicking on the link with the middle mouse button or with the scroll wheel) - open the link in a new tab and switch to it;
• Shift + click on the link - open the link in a new window.

Firefox

• Raise or lower a page. Space - to lower the page, Shift + Space - to raise the page.
• Find. Ctrl + F or Alt-N for next page.
• Bookmark this page. Ctrl + D.
• Quick search./.
• New tab. Ctrl + T.
• Go to the search bar. Ctrl + K.
• Go to the address bar. Ctrl + L.
• Increase the size of the text. Ctrl + =. Decrease text size Ctrl + -
• Close tab. Ctrl-W.
• Refresh the page. F5.
• Go to home page. Alt-Home.
• Restore closed page... Ctrl + Shift + T.
• Keyword bookmarks. This is most productive. If you visit the site often, you bookmark (of course!), Then go to the properties of the bookmarks (right-click on them). Add short keyword into the keywords input line, save, and after that you can simply enter this keyword into the address bar (Ctrl + L) and immediately go to the site.

Gmail

• Write a new letter. C.
• Reply to the letter. R.
• Reply to all.A.
• Forward the letter. F.
• Save current email and open next email Y + O.
• Delete the letter and open the next one. # + O (or Shift-3 + O).
• Send a written letter. Tab-Enter.
• Search. /.
• Navigation. Move down J and up K in the contact list.
• List of messages. N and P move the cursor to the next or previous message and message list.
• Ignore. M - messages with marked addresses are no longer included in the list of incoming messages and are archived.
• Select a conversation. X - the conversation will be selected. You can archive it, apply a shortcut to it and choose an action for it.
• Save draft. Control-S.
• Go to the list of messages. G + I.
• Go to flagged emails. G + S.
• Go to address book. G + C.

Windows

• Create keyboard shortcuts for fast switching. To create keyboard shortcuts for fast switching, right-click on the icon for creating fast switching keys (there is one on your desktop) and enter the shortcut. For example, such as Ctrl-Alt-W for Word.
• Switch between windows. Alt-Tab - select the desired window, then lower the keys. Or hold down the Windows key, press Tab to cycle through the buttons on the taskbar to find the window you want, then when you find it, press Enter. If you add the Shift key to any of these methods, the selection of windows will be performed in the opposite direction.
• Go to your desktop. Windows key-D.
• Context menu. Instead of right-clicking, press Shift-F10. Then scroll up or down the menu using the up and down arrow keys.
• Shutdown. To quickly shut down the computer, press the Window key followed by U. With this key, you can also press S to pause, U to shut down, or R to restart.
• Most common. You, of course, know this, but for beginners, the most famous combinations should be mentioned: Ctrl-O - open, Ctrl-S - save, Ctrl-N - open new document, Ctrl-W - close the window, Ctrl-C - copy, Ctrl-V - paste, Ctrl-X - cut. Ctrl-Z - undo (back), Ctrl-Y - undo (forward). To see the contents of the clipboard in MS Office, press Ctrl-C twice. Ctrl-Home - go to the beginning of the document, Ctrl-End - go to the end.
• Menu. When you press Alt, a menu appears in which you need to work using the arrow keys. Alt plus the underlined letter of each menu option leads to the use of that option. Or it simply remembers the key combination for this option for even faster use.
• Windows Explorer (Explorer). Windows-E - My Computer starts.

Mac OS X

• Switch Dock. Option-Cmd-D - show / hide Dock.
• Hide everything else. Cmd-Option-H hides all other windows except the one you are in. Lightens your screen.
• Close a window. Cmd-W closes the active open window. Option-Cmd-W closes all open windows.
• Expand directory. Option-Cmd-Right Arrow - Expand the directory and subdirectories listed in Finder.
• Back and forth. Cmd- [andCmd-] works with Finder, Safari and Firefox.
• Copy screen. Cmd-Shift-3 - For the whole screen. Cmd-Shift-4 - Creates borders to copy the selected portion of the screen.
• Output. Shift-Cmd-Q - Exit will take place in 2 minutes. Shift-Option-Cmd-Q - Exit immediately.
• Empty trash. Shift-Cmd-Delete.
• New window in Safari. Cmd-T.
• Help. Cmd-shift- ?.
• Loading CD. Press C and during startup (immediately after the melody) load the CD.
• Boot from another department. Option-Cmd-Shift-Delete - Will start boot up until another section is found, such as a CD or disc.
• Additional Information. Cmd-Option-I opens a window with additional information which allows you to see and compare many files and folders in one window.
• Sleep, reboot and shutdown. Cmd-option-eject, Cmd-ctrl-eject, and Cmd-Option-ctrl-eject.
• Forced shutdown. Cmd-opt-Esc is basic but very useful.
• Fast FTP. Cmd-K will open a connection to the server.

MS Excel

• Edit cell. F2. This is probably the main key you need to know.
• Column selection. Ctrl-space.
• Row selection. Shift-space.
• Monetary format. Ctrl + Shift + 4 (more precisely, Ctrl + $).
• Percentage format. Ctrl + Shift + 5 (more precisely, Ctrl +%).
• To the beginning. Ctrl-Home makes cell A1 active.
• Enter the current date. Ctrl-colon.
• Entering the current time. Ctrl-division sign.
• Copy cells. Ctrl - double quotes will copy the top cells (no formatting).
• Cell format. Ctrl-1 will open the cell format window.
• Navigation. Ctrl-PageUp and Ctrl-PageDown.
• Multiple entry. Ctrl-Enter instead of simple Enter, after the entered data in one of several selected cells, will transfer the data to all other selected cells.

MS Word

• Default formatting. Ctrl-Space turns on the normal style for the current selection and subsequent text entry.
• Spacing between paragraphs. Ctrl-0 (zero at the top of the keyboard) adds or removes spacing before the current paragraph. Ctrl-1 (top of the keyboard) - single line spacing paragraph. Ctrl-2 (at the top of the keyboard) - double line spacing for a paragraph. Ctrl-5 (top of the keyboard) changes the line spacing to one and a half.
• Date and time update. Alt-Shift-D - Make date updates. Alt-Shift-T - make time updates.

Short for control, Ctrl is a key key on the keyboard and is located on the lower left and right sides of the main keyboard. The figure below shows an example of what the Ctrl key on a keyboard should look like.

This key is commonly used in combination with keyboard keys.

For example, the key combination + + opens the task manager or reboots the computer.
Very often this key is used when working with documents in combination with the keys ^ X, ^ C, ^ Z, etc. It means CTRL - [X], CTRL - [C], CTRL - [Z]. In other words, you it is necessary to simultaneously press the Ctrl key and one of the listed letters. Below is a list of the most frequently used keyboard shortcuts with CTRL. We also suggest you read "How to make a heart on the keyboard" or how to put an apostrophe on the keyboard.

Keyboard shortcuts Ctrl

Ctrl + A	This command selects all text in the document
Ctrl + B	Make selected text bold
Ctrl + C	Copies the selected text
Ctrl + D	Adds a bookmark in a web browser or opens a font window in Microsoft Word.
Ctrl + E	Browser search bar
Ctrl + F	Opens a browser search box or Microsoft Word navigation.
Ctrl + G	Opens search in browser and text editors
Ctrl + H	Opens find and replace in Microsoft Word.
Ctrl + I	Makes the selected text italicized
Ctrl + J,	View downloads bar in browsers and set Formatting to Width in Microsoft Word.
Ctrl + K	Create a hyperlink for selected text in Microsoft Word and many HTML editors.
Ctrl + L	Makes the address bar active in the browser, or left-justified text in text editors.
Ctrl + M	Indent selected text in text editors and many other programs.
Ctrl + N	Creates new page or document.
Ctrl + O	Opens the file in most programs.
Ctrl + P	Prints the page you are viewing.
Ctrl + R	Reload the page in the browser or right-align the text in the text editor.
Ctrl + S	Save document or file.
Ctrl + T	Create new tab in an internet browser or customize tabs in text editors.
Ctrl + U	Makes the selected text underlined.
Ctrl + V	Pastes any copied text or other object.
Ctrl + W	Closes an open tab in the browser or closes a document in Word.
Ctrl + X	Cuts out the selected text or other object.
Ctrl + Y	Cancel action.
Ctrl + Z	Pressing these two keys cancels any action.

Excel for Office 365 Word for Office 365 PowerPoint for Office 365 Excel for Office 365 for Mac Word for Office 365 for Mac PowerPoint for Office 365 for Mac Excel for the web Word for the web PowerPoint for the web Excel 2019 Word 2019 PowerPoint 2019 Excel 2016 Excel 2019 for Mac PowerPoint 2019 for Mac Word 2019 for Mac Word 2016 PowerPoint 2016 Excel 2013 Word 2013 PowerPoint 2013 Excel 2010 Word 2010 PowerPoint 2010 Excel 2007 Word 2007 PowerPoint 2007 Excel 2016 for Mac PowerPoint 2016 for Mac Word 2016 for Mac Word for Mac 2011 Excel for Mac 2011 PowerPoint for Mac 2011 Less

There are many things you can undo and redo in Microsoft Word, PowerPoint, and Excel. You can undo your changes even after you save them, and then save again, as long as you do not exceed the maximum number of undo operations (by default, Office saves the last 100 undoable actions).

Undo the last action

To undo the last action, press CTRL + Z.

You can also press the button Cancel on the Quick Access Toolbar. If you need to undo multiple actions, you can click the Undo button (or CTRL + Z) multiple times.

You won't be able to undo some actions, such as selecting commands on the tab File Cancel changes to Can't be canceled.

Cancel, highlight the actions in the list, and click the list.

Advice: with information about restoring a previous version of a file on onedrive or onedrive for business

Returning an action

To redo the undone action, press CTRL + Y or F4. (If F4 doesn't work, try pressing F-LOCK or followed by F4).

ReturnReturn appears only after canceling the action.)

Repeat action

To repeat a simple action, such as a paste operation, press CTRL + Y or F4 (if F4 doesn't work, try pressing F-LOCK or FN and then F4).

If you prefer to work with a mouse, on the Quick Access Toolbar, click Repeat.

Notes:

Optional: Configuring Undo Limit

Default in Excel and others Office programs you can undo and redo up to 100 actions. However, this can be changed by adding an entry to the Microsoft Windows Registry.

Important: Remember that some actions, such as clicking buttons on a tab File or saving the file cannot be undone, and running the macro in Excel clears the undo stack, making it unusable.

A warning: Caution should be exercised when increasing the number of cancellation levels: the more cancellation levels, the more random access memory(RAM) is required by Excel to store the undo history, which affects Excel performance.

Here's how to change the number of undo levels for Excel through the registry editor. For Word or PowerPoint, you need to follow the same steps.

Close all running programs Office.

In Windows 10 or Windows 8, right-click the button Start and select the item Execute.

In Windows 7 or Windows Vista, click Start.

In Windows XP, click the Start button and then select Execute.

In a search box or field Execute enter regedit and press Enter.

Depending on the Windows versions you may need to confirm opening Registry Editor.

In Registry Editor, expand the registry subkey corresponding to your Excel versions:

• Excel 2007: HKEY_CURRENT_USER \ Software \ Microsoft \ Office \ 12.0 \ Excel \ Options

  Excel 2010: HKEY_CURRENT_USER \ Software \ Microsoft \ Office \ 14.0 \ Excel \ Options

  Excel 2013: HKEY_CURRENT_USER \ Software \ Microsoft \ Office \ 15.0 \ Excel \ Options

  Excel 2016: HKEY_CURRENT_USER \ Software \ Microsoft \ Office \ 16.0 \ Excel \ Options

On the menu Edit select item Create, and then - DWORD parameter... Please select New value 1, specify the type UndoHistory, and then press Enter.

On the menu Edit select team Change.

In the dialog box Change DWORD parameter click Decimal In chapter Calculus system... Enter a number in the field Meaning, press the button OK and close Registry Editor.

Start Excel. Excel will keep the undo log for the number of actions that you specified in step 7.

see also

Undo the last action

Press + Z until you clear the error.

Or press the button Cancel in the left upper corner ribbons.

You won't be able to undo some actions, such as menu selections File or saving a file. If you cannot undo an action, the command Cancel changes to Can't be canceled.

To undo multiple actions at the same time, click the arrow next to the button Cancel, highlight the actions in the list, and click the list.

Advice: If you cannot undo the changes you want to restore, you may be able to restore previous version file. Check out

Basic Windows shortcuts 1

So, in fact, it is. When an experienced user switches from one program to another, it is rarely difficult for him to master the new interface, new possibilities. As a rule, everything that worked on old or other versions also works successfully with new software systems.

What is the reason? Very simple. The main focus is on the "friendliness" and comprehensibility of the interface. Once in demand, proven technologies for using programs rarely change.

One of these tricks — hotkeys in text editors such as MS Word, MS WordPad, OpenOffice.org and many others — requires a separate discussion due to their regular use.

There are several common keyboard shortcuts for managing files from application programs... These are Ctrl + N, Ctrl + O, Ctrl + S, Ctrl + Q. Let's analyze the purpose of each combination separately.

To create a new document, be it text, sound file or a video, in the corresponding program, press Ctrl + N or select the desired menu item. To open an existing file, use the Ctrl + O combination.

Despite the possibility of autosave, computer malfunctions can become a "headache" if the edited data is irretrievably lost. Therefore, it is a good form of work to periodically press Ctrl + S. This command saves the changes made. Sometimes there is a need to save data to another file, then the F12 key comes to the rescue.

Printing the document can be called by the command Ctrl + P. Try this combination and you will see that it is much easier than searching the menu with the mouse for the required command.

And, of course, to finish working with the program - a pleasant end to the working day - there are many options for hot keys. You can, for example, press Alt + F4 or Ctrl + W, which are standard commands for closing the application, or you can use a specially provided menu command or its hotkey- Ctrl + Q (in OpenOffice.org).

The name itself - a text editor - implies a set and editing of texts. Therefore, it is worth dwelling in more detail on general-purpose commands for editing documents.

First, these are the standard operations "Cut", "Paste", "Copy". Although they are described in all guides and articles (even on our website), I consider it necessary to repeat myself here.

So, to cut the selected object to the clipboard, press Ctrl + X or Shift + Del; to copy the selected object to the clipboard - Ctrl + C or Ctrl + Ins; to paste an object from the clipboard - Ctrl + V or Shift + Ins.

Now let's talk about such an interesting feature of MS Word as working with vertical blocks of text. To understand what this is, consider an example where vertical and horizontal blocks are compared:

As a rule, most users do not even know what vertical blocks are and that all the same editing operations are valid for them as for ordinary horizontal ones.

To switch to the vertical block selection mode, press Ctrl + Shift + F8. Only then select the block with the mouse or with the cursor keys. You can act differently: select a block of text and simultaneously hold down the Alt key. Experiment with vertical blocks. I am sure that they will be useful to you someday and will help you save a lot of time and effort.

Often, the results of the edits do not bring satisfaction from the work done, and you want to go back one step, or even a few steps back. To do this, press Ctrl + Z. If you need to repeat the changes made, then there is a very convenient command - Ctrl + Y.

And finally: when working with documents, you sometimes have to change the scale of the text. There is also a special menu item for this, but it is much more convenient to turn the mouse wheel and simultaneously hold down the Ctrl key. Try it, I think you will like this simple trick.

Let's summarize:

file operations: Ctrl + N, Ctrl + O, Ctrl + S, F12, Ctrl + P;

work with the clipboard: Ctrl + X, Ctrl + C, Ctrl + V, Ctrl + Z, Ctrl + Y, Shift + Ins, Shift + Del, Ctrl + Ins, Ctrl + selection - for a vertical block of text;

change the scale of the display of the text: Ctrl + rotate the mouse wheel.

The document should look beautiful, so that it is pleasant to look at it, so that all tables are neat, the most important thoughts are highlighted, so that there is nothing superfluous on the page and at the same time there are no unnecessary empty spaces. The ideal is not achievable, but there are a number of tricks that make it easier to change the document so that by trial and error, at least a little, but closer to the cherished perfection.

Font effects play an important role in the perception of text. Let's consider some of them in more detail.

To underline a word, you need to select it, and then simultaneously press the key combination Ctrl + U. In this case, all characters of the selected text will be underlined, as well as the spaces between them. To underline only words, use Ctrl + Shift + U. To select a block of text in italics, you can use the combination Ctrl + I. If, to increase clarity, it was decided to highlight some phrases in bold, then there is also a convenient mouse alternative for this - Ctrl + B.

It is often necessary for the phrase to be typed in capital letters. The easiest way to do this is by immediately typing in uppercase. However, it is not always possible to do everything and always do it right, so it was developed special team to translate the selected text fragment into upper or lower case - Shift + F3.

All key combinations described above work as switches. This means that to return to previous regime text input, you need to press the same key combination that changed the standard mode. For example, the command Ctrl + U will set the font attribute responsible for the underscore. To remove this attribute and return to normal style, press Ctrl + U again.

Notes and footnotes are an essential part of any creative work. Of course, you can use the menu item of the same name to insert a footnote, but it is much easier to do this by pressing Ctrl + Alt + F.

It is convenient to use Ctrl + Enter to insert a page break.

Some things can only be done by using the mouse and keyboard at the same time. The most common example is smooth resizing of table cells. This is achieved by resizing the cell with the mouse and simultaneously pressing the Alt key.

It's no secret that text looks much better on a computer screen or in printed form when it is justified. This alignment is achieved by increasing the length of the space between words. However, this behavior is not always justified. For example, you need to type a sentence that contains the surname and initials. If you put a simple space between them, then when aligning the initials can be far away

from the last name, which is incorrect. To eliminate this effect, there is a special character - a fixed space. The easiest way to paste it is by pressing Ctrl + Shift + Space at the same time.

So, let's summarize.

to change the font effect, use the commands: Ctrl + I, Ctrt + B, Ctrl + U, Ctrl + Shift + W;

to convert letters to upper case: Shift + F3;

to set a fixed space: Ctrl + Shift + Space;

to break pages: Ctrl + Enter.

It is impossible to know all the keyboard shortcuts for quick access in the menu, to simplify the work with basic text editing operations. But the main thing is different. The main thing is to learn how to use the set of commands that are used more often than others. Each person will have a unique set. Of course, there will be similarities, but in general, everyone will plan their work with documents differently. Through trial and error, you can find how you can quickly do the same type of operation in order to save time and effort.

Basic Windows 2 keyboard shortcuts

Working in Windows can be made more efficient and faster if you use not only the mouse, but also use "hot keys" - special key combinations designed to simplify and speed up work. For example, few people know that the very often used Explorer (which can be without it) is launched by pressing Win + E at the same time. Agree, this is much more convenient!

Note

The Win key is located between the Ctrl and Alt keys on the left side (it has the Windows logo on it).

The Menu key is to the left of the right Ctrl.

The combination "key" + "key" means that you must first press the first key, and then, while holding it, the second.

General purpose hotkeys

	Keyboard shortcut	Description
		Open the Start Menu
	Ctrl + Shift + Esc	Calling up the "Task Manager"
		Launching "Explore"
		Displaying the "Run program" dialog, analogous to "Start" - "Run"
		Minimize all windows or return to original state (radio button)
		Blocking workstation
		Opening Windows Help
		Opening the System Properties Window
		Open file search window
		Open a computer search window
		Take a screenshot of the entire screen
	Alt + Printscreen	Take a screenshot of the currently active window
		Switches between buttons on the taskbar
	Win + Shift + Tab
		Move between panels. For example, between the desktop and the Quick Launch panel
		Select all (objects, text)

		Copy to clipboard (objects, text)
		Cut to clipboard (objects, text)
		Paste from clipboard (objects, text)
		Create a new document, project, or similar action. V Internet Explorer this opens a new window with a copy of the content
		the current window.
		Call the file selection dialog to open a document, project, etc.
		Undo the last action
		Autoplay CD-ROM lock (hold while the drive reads the newly inserted disc)
		Go to full screen mode and vice versa (switch; for example, in Windows Media Player or in the shell window).

Work with text

	Keyboard shortcut	Description
		Select all
		Copy
		Cut
		Insert
		Jump by words in the text. Works not only in text editors. For example, it is very convenient to use in the address bar
		browser
		Text selection
	Ctrl + Shift + ←	Selecting text by words
	Ctrl + Shift + →

Move to the beginning-end of a line of text

Move to the beginning-end of the document

Working with files

	Keyboard shortcut	Description
		Displays the context menu of the current object (similar to right-clicking).
		Calling "Object Properties"
		Renaming an object
	Ctrl-drag	Copying an object
	Shift drag	Moving an object
	Drag with Ctrl + Shift	Create a shortcut to an object
	Ctrl clicks	Selecting multiple objects in random order
	Shift clicks	Selecting multiple adjacent objects
		Same as double clicking on an object
		Deleting an Object
		Permanently deleting an object without placing it in the trash

Working in Explorer

	Keyboard shortcut	Description
	F3 or Ctrl + F	Show or hide the search bar in the explorer (radio button).
		Navigation in the explorer tree, folding-unfolding of nested directories.
	+ (on numeric keypad)
	- (on the numeric keypad)
	* (asterisk) (on the numeric keypad)	Display all folders nested in the selected folder
		Refresh Explorer or Internet Explorer window.

Working with windows

	Keyboard shortcut	Description
		Calling the menu for switching between windows and navigating through it
	Alt + Shift + Tab
		Move between windows (in the order in which they were launched)
	Alt + Shift + Esc
		Switching between multiple windows of the same program (for example, between open windows WinWord)
		Close the active window (running application). On the desktop - invoke the completion dialog Windows work
		Closing the active document in programs that allow simultaneous opening of several documents
		Calling the window menu
	Alt + - (minus)	Call the system menu of a child window (for example, a document window)
		Exit the window menu or close an open dialog
		Calls a menu command or opens a menu column. The corresponding letters in the menu are usually underlined (either initially, or become
	Alt + letter	underlined after pressing Alt). If the menu column is already open, then to call the team you want you must press a key with a letter,
		which is underlined in this command
		Calling the window system menu
		Call the application help.
		Scrolls text vertically or moves up and down through paragraphs of text.

Working with dialog boxes

Working in Internet Explorer

	Keyboard shortcut	Description
		Displaying the list of the "Address" field
		Launching another instance of the browser with the same web address
		Update current web page
		Opens the Arrange Favorites dialog box
		Opens the Search panel
		Launching the search utility
		Opens the Favorites panel
		Opens the Open dialog box
		Opens the "Open" dialog box, similar to the action CtrL + L
		Opens the Print dialog box
		Close the current window
		Switching to full screen mode and back (works in some other applications as well).

Special abilities

Press SHIFT five times: Turn Sticky Keys on or off

Hold down the right SHIFT key for eight seconds: Toggle input filtering on or off

Hold down the key Num lock five seconds: toggle sound switching on and off

Alt Left + Shift Left + Num Lock (Toggle keyboard pointer control on or off)

Alt Left + Shift Left + PRINT SCREEN: Toggle High Contrast on or off

Probably, every user on his way to the heights of computer mastery asks questions: How can you speed up the system? How can you make your work more comfortable? And here in the course are numerous "picks in the registry", tweaks, boosters and optimizers. Some users who are hijacked by this process even gain the very valuable experience of reinstalling an optimized system to death.

But for now, let's put aside such entertainment for a while and try to look at the problem from the other side. On the other hand. For example, two people have cars (no, not Pentiums or Athlones, but the cars they drive). These two people get behind the wheel and race. And it turns out that some of them go faster. You can, of course, say that his car is more powerful. But let's put them in the same car. Someone will pass faster anyway. Because he CAN drive fast. It is the same with those machines that are computers. Someone barely presses the buttons, performing one useful action in five minutes. And some have their fingers just hovering over the keyboard, the windows on the screen change at such a speed that less sophisticated users do not even have time to understand what is happening.

So, we conclude: in order to increase the productivity of your communication with a computer, you must masterfully master the means of this very communication. And what means do we have? Mouse and keyboard. There are not so many buttons on the mouse, and their purpose is immediately clear. But the keyboard ... A bunch of keys, usually 105 or 106, and if everything is clear with letters and numbers, then everything is not so simple with the rest of the keys. But there are also key combinations! Here, even an advanced user may not know some of the secrets.
Let's say right away that any self-respecting computer technician must master the blind ten-finger method of typing. Why is it so categorical? Simple arithmetic: how many times per day do you have to press keys on your keyboard? It can be assumed that quite a lot, even if you do not type several sheets of text, but limit yourself to typing Internet addresses in your favorite browser or typing network password... Count how much time you spend looking down at the keyboard, finding the key you want, bringing your finger to it and pressing. Now imagine how much this procedure will be shortened if you do not need to look at the keyboard and search for the desired key. Teaching a blind ten-finger requires a week or two daily sessions of several hours. And for the rest of your life, you gain the ability to work with the keyboard much faster and, undoubtedly, more comfortably than before. Draw your own conclusions.

Now let's figure out WHAT you need to press, or, simply put, what key combinations are and what you can do with them. V help system Windows says, "When using Windows, use keyboard shortcuts instead of the mouse. Using keyboard shortcuts, you can open, close, navigate the Start menu, the desktop, various menus and dialog boxes, and Web pages. Using keyboard shortcuts will make interaction easier. with a computer". And this is undoubtedly the truth.

Now let's finally get down to business and start exploring these very combinations. The first table lists the most commonly used ones. If you still do not use them, urgently take them into service.

Note for first-time users: the "+" sign between the key labels means that these keys should be pressed together, and in the order in which they are indicated. So, for example, if you see the inscription "press CTRL + C", this means that you must first press the CTRL key, and then, without releasing it, press the C key and then release them in reverse order... If you first press the C key and then CTRL, something completely different from what you intended will happen ...

Keyboard shortcuts. Table 1

Combination	Action
CTRL + C, CTRL + INS	Copying
CTRL + V, SHIFT + INS	Insert
CTRL + X	Cutting out
SHIFT + DEL	When working with text - cutting, when working with files - deleting without placing in the trash
CTRL + Z	Undo the last action
Hold down CTRL while dragging an item	Copying a dragged item
Hold down CTRL + SHIFT while dragging an item	Create a shortcut for a dragged item
F2	Rename the selected item
CTRL + RIGHT ARROW	Move cursor to the beginning of the next word
CTRL + LEFT ARROW	Move cursor to the beginning of the previous word
CTRL + DOWN ARROW	Move the cursor to the beginning of the next paragraph
CTRL + UP ARROW	Move the cursor to the beginning of the previous paragraph
CTRL + SHIFT with any arrow	Highlight a paragraph
SHIFT with any arrow	Select multiple items in a window or desktop, or select text in a document
CTRL + A	Select all
F3	Open search box
ALT + ENTER, ALT + double click	Launching the Properties Window of the Selected Object
ALT + F4	Close active window
ALT + SPACEBAR	Open the system menu of the active window
ALT + minus	Open the system menu of a child window in a program that allows simultaneous work with multiple windows
CTRL + F4	Close the active document in a program that allows simultaneous work with several documents
ALT + TAB	Move to next window
ALT + SHIFT + TAB	Move to the next window in the opposite direction
ALT + F6	Move to the next document in a program that allows simultaneous work with multiple documents
ALT + ESC	Switch between items in the order in which they were opened
F6	Switch between screen elements in a window or on the desktop
F4	Displaying a list of the address bar in My Computer or Windows Explorer
SHIFT + F10	Open the context menu for the selected item
CTRL + ESC	Opening the Start Menu
ALT + Underlined letter in a menu title	Display the corresponding menu
Underlined letter in a command name on an open menu	Executing the appropriate command
F10	Activating the menu bar of the current program
F5	Refresh the active window
BACKSPACE	View the folder one level up in My Computer or Windows Explorer. When working with text, deletes the character to the left of the cursor. "
DELETE	When working with files - deleting the file to the trash. When working with text - delete a character to the right of the cursor
ESC	Canceling the current action
SHIFT when inserting a CD into the drive	Refusal to start automatically

Now let's see what you can do with the keyboard in dialog boxes.

Keyboard shortcuts. table 2

For those who prefer to work with Windows Explorer (Windows Explorer), the following table will be useful, which shows how to work with the directory tree.

Keyboard shortcuts. Table 3

Combination	Action
Up and down arrows	Navigating the Explorer Tree
END and HOME	Move to the bottom and top positions of the tree, respectively
"*" (asterisk) on the numeric keypad. Num Lock On	Displays all folders nested in the selected directory
Plus sign on the numeric keypad. Num Lock On	Expands the selected branch
Minus sign on the numeric keypad. Num Lock On	Collapses the selected branch
Left arrow	Collapses the selected branch, or navigates to the parent branch
Right arrow	Expands the selected branch, or navigates to the first subfolder

Among other things, your keyboard most likely has special keys that open additional features... it Windows key, the context menu key, and the Turbo or Fn key. The Turbo key (aka Fn) in combination with the F11 key locks the keyboard. And, accordingly, unlocks by pressing the same combination again. The purpose of the context menu button is clear from its name. Alternatively, you can use SHIFT + F10. For those who have not yet understood: using this button they call context menu, that is, the menu that is usually invoked by right-clicking on an object.

Now let's deal with the Windows key.

Keyboard shortcuts. Table 4

Combination	Action
Win	Opens the start menu "
Win + D	Minimizes windows, press again - maximizes
Win + M	Minimizes windows other than dialog windows
Win + SHIFT + M	Maximizes windows
Win + E	Launching File Explorer
Win + R	Launching the Run Dialog Box
Win + F	Search
Win + CTRL + F	Find your computer
Win + F1	Starting Windows Help
Win + U	Opening the Utility Manager
Win + BREAK	Opening the system properties window
Win + L	For Windows XP - lock the computer, or, if the computer is not included in the domain, switch users
Win + TAB	Switch between buttons on the taskbar. By going to any button, pressing Enter, you can expand the selected window

Now let's talk about quick start programs. First, you can use the Run window, which, as you already know, opens with the Win + R keyboard shortcut. Below is a small list of the most frequently used commands entered in the Run window.

Keyboard shortcuts. Table 5

Command	What starts
cmd, command	Command line
notepad	Notebook
wordpad	Text editor WordPad
calc	Calculator
mspaint	Graphic editor Paint
regedit	Registry editor
winmine	Minesweeper game "
control	Control Panel
x:	Explorer window with a table of contents of the drive directories (x - drive letter)
excel	Electronic Excel tables
winword	Word processor

If you are too lazy to type commands, you can do the following. Create a shortcut to a program or document that you intend to launch frequently. Open the properties of the shortcut and in line " Quick call"specify the key combination by which this shortcut will be launched.

Since you are using the Windows operating system, then most likely you also have Microsoft Office installed. And, probably, you sometimes (and maybe quite often) have to create text documents using Word. But the text must not only be created, it must also be formatted. And to do this, you have to tear yourself away from the keyboard and poke your mouse into buttons and menus: alignment, underline, font size ... And if you type quickly (did you not forget that you absolutely need to master the blind typing method?), Then be distracted by You don’t want a mouse at all, because it wastes a lot of time. So for self-optimizing yourself, it would not hurt to learn how to use the keyboard to format text.

By default, keyboard shortcuts are already configured for the most frequently used commands. If you want to see what combination is used for which command, or even reconfigure to your own combinations, go here: Tools - Settings - Commands tab - Keyboard button.
Well, below are some default combinations. Explore and use.

Formatting characters

Key combinations. Table 6

Combination	Action
CTRL + SHIFT + F	Font selection
CTRL + SHIFT + P	Choosing a font size
CTRL + D	Change font format window
SHIFT + F3	Changing the case of letters
CTRL + SHIFT + A	Convert all letters to uppercase and back
CTRL + B	Adding bold face
CTRL + U	Underline text
CTRL + SHIFT + W	Underline words, but not spaces
CTRL + SHIFT + D	Double underline text
CTRL + SHIFT + H	Converting to Hidden text
CTRL + I	Adding italics
CTRL + SHIFT + K	Convert all letters to small caps
CTRL + "=" (equal sign)	Converting to subscript
CTRL + ALT + SHIFT + X	Converting to superscript
CTRL + SPACEBAR	Remove additional formatting from selected characters
CTRL + SHIFT + Q	Decorating selected symbols with the Symbol font
CTRL + SHIFT + 8	Displaying non-printable characters
SHIFT + F1 (then click the text of interest)	Displaying Character Formatting Information
CTRL + SHIFT + C	Copy formatting
CTRL + SHIFT + V	Insert formatting

Formatting paragraphs

Keyboard shortcuts. Table 7

Combination	Action
CTRL + 0 (zero)	Increase or decrease the spacing before the current paragraph by one line
CTRL + E	Align a paragraph to the center
CTRL + J	Justify a paragraph to the width
CTRL + L	Align a paragraph to the left
CTRL + R	Right-align a paragraph
CTRL + M	Adding padding to the left
CTRL + SHIFT + M	Remove left indent
CTRL + T	Create a protrusion
CTRL + SHIFT + T	Reducing the protrusion
CTRL + Q	Remove additional formatting from selected paragraphs
CTRL + SHIFT + S	Applying a style
CTRL + SHIFT + N	Applying a style
CTRL + SHIFT + L	Applying a style

Editing and moving text and pictures

Keyboard shortcuts. Table 8

Combination	Action
BACKSPACE	Delete one character to the left of the cursor
CTRL + BACKSPACE	Delete one word to the left of the cursor
DEL	Delete one character to the right of the cursor
CTRL + DEL	Delete one word to the right of the cursor
CTRL + X, SHIFT + DEL	Removing the selection to the clipboard
CTRL + Z	Cancel action
CTRL + Y	Repeat action
F2 then move the cursor and press the ENTER key
SHIFT + DOWN ARROW	One line down
SHIFT + UP ARROW	One line up
CTRL + SHIFT + DOWN ARROW	Until the end of the paragraph
CTRL + SHIFT + UP ARROW	Before the beginning of the paragraph
SHIFT + PAGE DOWN	One screen down
SHIFT + PAGE UP	One screen up
ALT + CTRL + PAGE DOWN	Until the end of the document
CTRL + SHIFT + HOME	Before the start of the document
CTRL + A	Select entire document
CTRL + SHIFT + F8, then - arrow keys (to exit the mode - ESC key)	Select a vertical block of text
F8, then - cursor movement keys (to exit the mode - ESC key)	Select a specific fragment of the document

Work with documents

Key combinations. Table 10