First you need to understand that there are two types of blue screens (BSoD) in the system. One called by the standard check hard drives, which can start after a small power outage when your computer is turned off. And the second is caused by a technical failure or a conflict of some details in the computer or drivers.

Let's look at both types in detail.
Let's first compare the two types of blue screen. When checking hard ( hard drive), such a window appears (Fig. 1).

Take a closer look at these screenshots to know what you are dealing with.

Fixing a blue screen with a hard drive problem

Let's take a closer look at Figure 1. This blue screen is caused by problems in the electrical network, non-standard shutdown of the PC (for example, they pulled it out of the socket or kicked the button on the system unit with their foot), or during a thunderstorm there was a sudden power surge, from which the computer passed out.

Such death is not terrible, just when the system starts, the built-in utility chekdisk (Chkdsk) is automatically activated. It happens that I manually run this utility from the command line in order to check the performance of a hard drive with which problems and glitches are found.

If you suspect that some hard disk clusters are damaged, you can run a check. Open a command line interpreter. To do this, press "Win + R" and enter "cmd" or through the search, write "cmd".

The first way to run cmd.

The command line must be run as an administrator, otherwise the command will not work.

The second way to run cmd.

Enter the command:

"Chkdsk /F" (without quotes).

Press the "Y" key and "Enter".

The next time you start your system, a blue screen similar to Figure 1 will appear.

What will this command do?

will start special utility which checks HDD errors and correct them if found. They just could appear with the above described failures. It is best to wait until all five stages of checking and treating the hard drive have passed, however, if you do not have time at the moment, you can interrupt the verification procedure by pressing the ESC key. I do not recommend interrupting, because there may be glitches and errors that will greatly slow down your PC in the future.

If the blue verification screen has begun to appear more and more often, then it is best to copy the photos, videos, documents, etc. that are important to you. to some external media and preferably reinstall the operating system with full formatting hard disk, such formatting will mark bad clusters and will not allow information to be written to them.

Difficult blue screen of death

Now consider a more complex death. Such death, as a rule, comes out unexpectedly, interrupting the work of all programs and preventing the user from doing anything. He's talking about a serious system error that operating system unable to correct itself. In order to prevent the burning of some parts or some other problems, Windows is deactivated, i.e. turns off.

In this case, only a forced reboot of the system with a button on the system unit helps. If you have an automatic reboot in the event of a system failure in your settings, then after a few seconds the PC itself will go into reboot. Unsaved data will be lost. When such a blue screen of death occurs, the operating system lets us know exactly where the failure occurred with the help of the so-called error code.

With this code, we can resolve the crash ourselves. But if you do not have experience in solving these problems, then it is better to call a friend who has already encountered this and is popularly called a computer scientist. It is also worth noting that in this case, an error code is automatically written to the system log and a report is generated in which the system records everything related to this problem.

While repairing computers and system software, I was able to identify a number of reasons why the blue screen of death occurs.

• Driver. When either old (outdated version) or non-native drivers are installed, they may conflict with the operating system or embedded hardware. I recommend to download latest version one or another driver from the part manufacturer's website.
• Overheat. If any item inside system block overheating, this indicates a lack of ventilation. And it can also cause death. About the causes of overheating was written here, the causes of overheating of the computer.
• Incorrect work software. Rarely, but it happens that it throws you into a blue screen because of the last installed program. You can try to restore the system, it was written about.

Which of these reasons (or maybe not listed here) causes a failure, you can quite easily find out by the error code, and then turn on your brains, logic and fix it without calling the wizard.
It happens that the PC restarts so quickly that the user does not have time to write down the error code, which means that we need to make sure that the PC does not automatically restart. Open the Start menu, then My Computer and right-click (Right-click) on the My Computer icon, select Properties, in the properties we need the Advanced tab, there, in the Recovery and Boot subsection, select options. Opposite the item Perform auto reboot, uncheck the box and make sure that all other checkboxes are as indicated in the figure.

Download window and Windows Recovery xp.

On Windows 7, the steps are the same. Click OK and restart your computer. We are waiting for the next failure in the system and on the blue screen of death in the Technical Information section we write out the error code we need. This is the most important information causal relationship in case of software or component failure.

Code 0x00000050 on blue death

Very often, users display the code 0x00000050. In 90% of cases, this is due to random access memory. In this case, the system very often swears at the system files ntoskrnl.exe, igdpmd64.sys, ntfs.sys, win32k.sys, dxgmms1.sys and dcrypt.sys. It is also possible that the video card may be the cause.

With code 0x00000050, do the following:

1. Turn off your computer.
2. Take out the RAM.
3. Clear the tracks, maybe it's just corny that there are no RAM contacts with motherboard computer.
4. Do the above steps with the video card, if you do not have it integrated.
5. Plug it back in and turn on the computer.

Among other things, the cause of error 0x00000050 may be a driver conflict. In practice, there is a known case when antivirus files conflicted with some other program, and because of this Windows system tossed to blue death. Remove antivirus and see if positive result. If the problem disappears, it is better to switch to another antivirus.

You can also try disabling BIOS memory caching.

Some decryption of error codes:

Specialists also know that any error, among other things, is also recorded in a memory dump, which is located in the operating system in the minidump folder and has the dmp extension.

And at the end of the article, I also want to say, of course, it’s difficult for a beginner to understand this right away, but once I was a beginner, and if it weren’t for curiosity and the desire to achieve the goal, then I would hardly leave such instructions.

If you have any complex case or addition not listed in this article, then write a comment.

Blue screen of death, also known as BSOD and blue screen of death, is a Windows reaction to critical errors in the computer. White writing on a blue background suddenly appears on the screen, after which the device usually reboots, freezes or turns off.

After a restart, the system works fine for a while. But then, if you do not fix the error, the BSOD appears again.

Sometimes this condition is caused by errors in drivers or failure of computer hardware. Causes can also be in failure system settings, viruses or even installed programs.

What to do if the blue screen of death appears

Special services built into the operating system can help you.

If you have Windows 10, open the section "Start" → "Settings" (gear) → "Update and Security" → "Troubleshooting". Scroll the list of available services to the very bottom and select " Blue screen". Click "Run the troubleshooter" and follow the system prompts.

If you have more old version OS or the tool mentioned above did not work, open the Windows Control Panel and go to the Security and Maintenance Center section. In some versions of the OS, this path may look like this: "Control Panel" → "System and Security" → "Action Center".

Expand the "Maintenance" tab and check if the recommendations for the solution are displayed here Windows problems. If yes, please follow the suggestions below.

If all else fails, move on to the next step.

There can be hundreds of different reasons for the blue screen of death to appear, and each has its own solutions. By finding out the cause of the BSOD on your computer, you can find the best way to fix the problem.

On the death screen, Windows displays the error code that caused it. It can look like a string of numbers and letters (0x0000000F) or a combination of various words written in uppercase and often linked with underscores (SPIN_LOCK_ALREADY_OWNED).

You need to enter the error code in the search engine and in this way find individual instructions for correcting. A special QR code may even be present on the blue screen. scanned it through mobile device, you will be taken to the Microsoft website with an interactive help to solve the problem.

If immediately after the blue screen appears, the computer restarts and you do not have time to write down the error code, disable automatic restart. To do this, right-click on the "This PC" icon and select "Properties" → " Extra options systems." In the window that opens, go to the "Advanced" tab, click "Options" and uncheck "Perform automatic restart".

If you do not want to look for the necessary instructions and delve into it, or the solution found on the Web does not help, use the methods listed below.

3. Try Simple Universal Measures

These general measures affect many system parameters and help restore normal operation. Including they can fix errors that lead to the blue screen of death.

1. In system settings, go to "Center windows updates and check for updates. If they are available, install them.
2. Check the system with .
3. Update your drivers. You can go to your computer manufacturer's website and download all drivers for self installation. But you can also use free services like

Surely you have noticed that when a computer crashes, a blue screen appears on the monitor screen with large quantity incomprehensible characters in English. It was so?

Usually, this state of the computer is very scary for a novice user. In this article, let's try to understand a little about this situation and find out what kind of blue screen it is and what it threatens us with.

To begin with, let's deal with appearance such a blue screen and consider two different images.

Image #1
Blue screen when checking disk:

Such a blue screen can be seen, for example, after an improper shutdown of the computer (for example, during power outages).

There is nothing terrible in this. This screen simply shows us the work of a special program for checking disks. This program is called Chkdsk(Check Disk - disk check), it is built into Windows and very often starts automatically in case of sudden computer failures.

The program checks the hard disk for errors that could result from such failures.

We can even watch the verification process by changing numbers on this screen, indicating the percentage until the end of the next verification stage (there are five in total - stage 1 - 5).

If such a screen appears, it is best to simply wait until the program Chkdsk finishes its work and restarts the computer. Otherwise, in file system errors may remain on the hard disk, or damaged sectors will remain on its physical surface, and this naturally will not lead to anything good.

If such a screen appeared once, then do not be afraid - there is nothing to worry about, but if it appears very often, then be sure to back up important data and think about

It should be noted here that even if your computer is stable, from time to time (once every few months) it is advisable to do a disk check forcibly by running the program Chkdsk manually.

This is done using the built-in Windows Service Check disk, which I talked about in one of the lessons.

So, we figured out the first blue screen. Let's move on to the next one.

Image #2
The so-called "blue screen of death":

This screen is a message about an irreparable system error. Windows error. This means that Windows cannot deal with any problem and disables itself in order to avoid more serious problems. In such a situation, we can only restart the computer with the button reset(unless it reboots itself). All unsaved data will be lost.

On this screen, we can see the error code that the system tells us so that we can independently eliminate the cause of the error. However, I can note that it is far from always possible to fix such problems on their own (especially for a beginner), so the system records information about the error in syslog and creates a special file describing the problem.

Such information can be used by specialists to analyze the situation in order to fix the problem and prevent similar errors from occurring in the future.

The most common causes of the Blue Screen of Death are all sorts of driver conflicts. For example, when drivers are not "native", incompatible with the system or with computer devices. In addition, the cause may be conflicts of programs or devices, overheating of components, or the action of viruses.

In this article, we will not go into the intricacies of analyzing blue screen of death error codes. this topic is quite extensive and far from being for beginners. But if you have a desire to deal with the cause of such a screen, or if you seek the advice of a specialist, then you need to have all the necessary data on hand to analyze the problem.

First of all, you need to write out the error code that is displayed on the blue screen, and for this you need to make sure that when such a screen appears, the computer does not restart, and we can see all the necessary information.

To do this, do the following: right-click My Computer - Properties- tab Additionally– section – button Options.

Uncheck the box in the window that appears. Perform automatic reboot and press Ok:

In addition, check that the rest of the parameters are the same as in the figure.

Now, in the event of a computer failure, there will be no automatic restart, and we can safely write out the error data, namely everything that is written in the section Technical Information:

This data will be important when analyzing your situation.

In addition, analysis may require a dump file that details the cause of the error, and your task is to provide this file for analysis. Such files have the extension dmp and by default are located in the folder
C:WINDOWSMinidump.

Usually this data is enough to find out the cause of such blue screens.

And at the end of this article, I want to say again that it will be very difficult for a beginner to figure out the reason for the appearance of the “blue screen of death”, although if you are confident in your abilities, you can always try to search necessary information online by entering error codes in a search engine. It is possible that simply replacing some "wrong" driver will be enough to solve your problem.

Anyway, I hope this article has helped you understand the main causes of these "terrible" blue screens, and they will no longer scare you, because knowing the enemy in the face is always easier to deal with!

Good day, dear readers!

It is unlikely that any of the active computer users have not come across such a thing as a blue screen with a bunch of white inscriptions, which can only be gotten rid of by restarting the computer.

In this article I will explain what it is, why it happens, and how to deal with it. The article turned out to be very large, but it covers all the points from the causes of the blue screen of death to their elimination.

Blue screens of death on different computers and operating systems (OS) look different. Recently, they have become already and not quite blue.

For example, developers offer us such a blue screen with a sad emoticon new Windows 8 is scheduled for release in 2012. This BSoD can be observed quite often when testing the capabilities of a new operating system. Perhaps this is one of the most positive, if I may say so about BSoD, blue screens of death.

However, some people also had to meet the red screen of death in early versions of Windows Vista, which served as a blue one. In the older days of Windows 1.0 and Windows 2.0, the screen was completely black! The blue screen has been called since 1991, when the name was proposed by Erik Noyes, an employee of one of the Californian companies. Since then, the concept of "blue screen of death" has become generally accepted.

What is the blue screen of death

A concept that comes from in English and translated into our native language. Actually, as you already understood, BSoD and the "blue screen of death" are one and the same. The abbreviation BSoD stands for Blue Screen of Death or Blue Screen of Doom. The official name of the phenomenon is stop error.

When you see a blue screen on your computer monitor, it indicates a critical system error. This way of informing the user about a failure that has occurred is typical for Windows.

So what is a BSoD? On fig. 1, you can parse the CRITICAL_OBJECT_TERMINATION entry. This is a blue screen of death error with the code (technically correct - STOP code) 0x000000F4. Short notation is also used, with zeros dropped after 0x - 0xF4. Further in the article, such a record will be used when there are no other numbers. Blue Screen of Death codes are an entry in hexadecimal system calculus with prefix 0x. This prefix is ​​used for recognition by system services that use the language C.

Using the BSoD STOP code, the system identifies the error that has occurred and writes an entry to the system log for subsequent analysis and prevention of an error in the future. Blue Screen of Death error 0xF4 indicates a failure due to the unexpected termination of a system-critical process or thread. We will talk more about the meanings of blue screen of death errors below.

More detailed information for advanced users is provided by the BSoD used in Windows XP / Vista / 7, the most common today, as well as Windows Server 2003.

Rice. 2. Blue Screen of Death in Windows XP/2003/Vista/7 Using this BSoD, it is much easier for an advanced user to figure out what the problem is.

First, Microsoft notifies the user that a BSoD is caused by a shutdown to prevent the computer from crashing. The following is the system file SPCMDCON.SYS - the culprit, according to Windows opinion, emergency shutdown. Below is the PAGE_FAULT_IN_NONPAGED_AREA blue screen of death error itself - indicates that the data contained in memory was not found. The following is a guide for further user actions in order to prevent a similar error from occurring in the future. Below is the technical information: STOP code 0x50 and again the SPCMDCON.SYS file, already with parameters.

Agree, this BSoD can lead to much more confusion for an inexperienced user than the one offered by the developers of Windows 8.

The most common blue screen of death codes

Here are the most common blue screen of death errors. The following is short description the reasons why the blue screen of death is most likely to appear. However, in order to accurately diagnose the problem, you still need to access the error parameters and correctly interpret them using debugging programs.

0xA - IRQL_NOT_LESS_OR_EQUAL - invalid address when accessing device driver;
0x1E - KMODE_EXCEPTION_NOT_HANDLED - A kernel mode process is trying to execute an invalid instruction;
0x24 - NTFS_FILE_SYSTEM - failure in the NTFS file system;
0x2E - DATA_BUS_ERROR - parity error in RAM;
0xB4 - VIDEO_DRIVER_INIT_FAILURE - video driver initialization error;
0xB9 - CHIPSET_DETECTED_ERROR - the motherboard chipset is faulty;
0xC2- BAD_POOL_CALLER - memory allocation operation error;
0x4E - PFN_LIST_CORRUPT - driver input/output structure corrupted;
0x50 or 0x8E - PAGE_FAULT_IN_NONPAGED_AREA - no data requested from memory;
0x69 - IO1_INITIALIZATION_FAILED - system initialization failure;
0x77- KERNEL_STACK_INPAGE_ERROR - the requested kernel page cannot be read;
0x79 - MISMATCHED_HAL - hardware incompatibility;
0x7A - KERNEL_DATA_INPAGE_ERROR - error reading into physical memory;
0x7B - INACCESSIBLE_BOOT_DEVICE - no access to system partition disk;
0x7F - UNEXPECTED_KERNEL_MODE_TRAP - unexpected erroneous operation in the kernel;
0xD1 - DRIVER_IRQL_NOT_LESS_OR_EQUAL - driver error, memory address not available;
0xF3 - DISORDERLY_SHUTDOWN - Windows could not shut down due to insufficient memory;
0xC0000135 - STATUS_DLL_NOT_FOUND - error loading library;
0xC000021A - STATUS_SYSTEM_PROCESS_TERMINATED - error of a service running in user mode;
0xC0000221- STATUS_IMAGE_CHECKSUM_MISMATCH - driver file not found or corrupted.

If your blue screen of death error is not on this list, then you can find it on the Microsoft support sites. It contains explanations of the most likely causes of failure for each error, as well as the interpretation of the BSoD parameters - this is necessary for a quality troubleshooting that leads to the BSoD.

Blue screen of death what to do

Why does the blue screen of death appear? There can be many reasons. In general, a BSoD occurs when a critical error occurs during the execution of kernel code or a driver in kernel mode.

The blue screen of death appears, for example, when any changes have been made to the hardware component of the computer: replacing or installing a video card, audio adapter, hard drive, controllers and devices PCI bus and PCI Express. The driver of these devices may be poorly compatible or incompatible with the existing configuration of the computer, which leads to problems and BSoDs.

It helps when a BSoD appears only by restarting the computer, as a result of which all unsaved user data will be lost.

The user has the option to manually trigger a BSoD. This is only done if there is no other way to detect a system failure. To call BSoD, it is possible to assign a certain combination of hot keys. Therefore, under unfavorable circumstances, the user himself can inadvertently cause the appearance of BSoD.

You should not abuse the procedure for manually calling BSoD, in order to avoid loss of information or software problems. In addition, an artificial blue screen of death will not display the information the user needs. You may also encounter difficulties in the hardware dependence of this procedure: in particular, there are restrictions on invoking BSoD from keyboards with a USB connector. More information about invoking the blue screen of death can be obtained from Microsoft document Q244139.

So, the blue screen of death appears, what to do in this case? The only thing you can do about this moment is to reboot. Next, if you're good enough advanced user and don't be afraid to work with debuggers (debuggers), that is the solution. To determine the cause of BSoD, Microsoft has developed a comprehensive solution Debugging Tools for Windows with support for 32 and 64-bit OS, which is included in Microsoft SDK for Windows.

Causes of the blue screen of death

Change BIOS settings produced on hastily may also be the cause of the BSoD. If you don't remember exactly what changes you made (especially if you made several changes), then best solution to avoid the blue screen of death error, the BIOS settings will be brought to the default state (default).

There are viruses that are designed to attack the Master Boot Record (MBR), as well as boot sector. They can also cause problems and cause a blue screen of death error. You can check your computer for viruses by booting from the recovery disk from installed antivirus. Many antivirus companies, such as Kaspersky Lab CJSC, offer in their solutions the function of creating a CD from an existing distribution. In addition, you can download a ready-made image from the company's servers. You can also check the status of the MBR anti-virus AVZ utility. You can read more about working with the utility at the link.

Problems in RAM. Diagnostics

It is not uncommon for faulty and sometimes mismatched RAM modules to be the cause of the Blue Screen of Death error. If you notice that after installing, reinstalling, replacing RAM modules, your OS does not boot or a blue screen of death appears, you can try to put memory modules in other DIMM slots or swap DDR brackets - often this solves the memory problem. However, problems may lie elsewhere, and you can identify the cause of this by diagnosing RAM using regular means checks Windows memory. The utility is available in Windows 7 and Vista (for Windows XP, you can use the Windows Memory Diagnostic utility)

Let's see how the diagnostic tool works:

2. In the window that opens, select "Windows Memory Checker" from the list (usually the third one from the bottom).

3. In a new window, Windows will prompt you to choose from two options: "Reboot and check (recommended)" and "Run a check the next time you turn on the computer."

4. Close everything open programs so you don't lose any data, and click Reboot and Verify (Recommended).

The computer restarts and runs a memory test. Typically, the test is performed in two passes. The screen shows both the percentages for the current pass and the total. After the test is completed, a reboot will be performed and the test results will be presented.

Rice. 3. Checking your computer for memory problems There is another possibility - to test the state of RAM from the boot disk (Windows Vista and Windows 7 only). For this:

1. Enter the BIOS and set the CD-ROM (DVD-ROM) as the first boot device in the BOOT menu, then exit the BIOS and save the settings.

2. After the reboot, the bootloader will display the message "Press any key to boot from CD", press any key.

3. Wait while Windows downloads the files. In the window " Windows installation» Click Next.

4. Select System Restore, wait.

5. Leave all the settings in the "System Recovery Options" window as default ("Use the recovery tools ...") and click "Next".

6. From the list provided, select "Windows Memory Diagnostic".

7. In the new window, select 1 of the 2 options. For example, "Reboot and test (recommended)" to start the memory test immediately.

The computer will restart and the memory test will begin.

Hard drive diagnostics

Hard disk drive (HDD) problems can also be the cause of the blue screen of death error. Windows utility CHKDSK allows you to check your hard drive for errors and bad sectors. With the help of this utility it is possible to recover damaged HDD sectors. To run a scan, follow these steps:

1. Open Windows Explorer.

2. Right-click on the partition you want to check and select "Properties".

3. In the new window, select the "Service" tab.

4. At the top of the tab, click the "Perform verification" button.

5. A new window will open "Check disk "Disk Name"". The user can choose 1 of 4 disk check options, depending on which items he checks next to. If you just want to know if your disk has errors, uncheck the top box. In that Windows case won't fix system errors. You can also conduct a comprehensive study and recovery of damaged HDD sectors by selecting both items. Attention! Windows will not be able to automatically fix system errors and repair bad sectors while the selected partition is active, i.e. in use. Therefore, a system restart may be required to complete the check. In this case, in the warning window that appears, click on the "Schedule disk check" button. After the PC restarts, a disk check and user-selected actions will be performed. For more information on how the CHKDSK utility works, check out this.

6. Click the Run button and wait for the test results.

After testing, a new window will display both brief and detailed information about the status of the tested partition.

Rice. 4. Check hard drive If CHKDSK utility did its job, and disk errors reappear, you can conduct deeper testing. To do this, you will need to resort to the help of utilities developed by hard drive vendors.

In addition to the ability to diagnose the state of a disk drive from the outside, all modern HDDs and SSDs (solid-state drives) are manufactured with the manufacturer's built-in ability to self-monitor and self-test their condition, as well as estimate the time the device is expected to fail. This is S.M.A.R.T. To access the diagnostic data of this technology, you need to use one of the programs that can read the data transmitted by the disk controller program. There are paid and free programs with support for this. One of the modern free programs is CrystalDiskInfo.

Rice. 5. S.M.A.R.T. using CrystalDiskInfo As you can see in the screenshot, the program provides all the data on the disk, including its current temperature, the number of inclusions, the total number of hours of operation. The list below provides technical data that can be used to judge the physical wear of the disk. Current and Worst Values ​​- Actual this disk now and ever, respectively. The threshold is a value below which the manufacturer of a given hard drive cannot guarantee stable and uninterrupted operation of the device.

Despite the seeming impeccability of technology, in practice, many companies and individuals complain that hard drive failure often occurs when S.M.A.R.T. is normal. Therefore, this technology can be trusted only with an eye to the possible erroneousness of the data, which, nevertheless, does not belittle all the advantages of this technology.

Memory dump

For a qualitative perception of the information below, let's define the concept of a memory dump. A memory dump is the contents of the working memory of a single process, kernel, or the entire OS. A memory dump contains technical information about the state of a system or an individual program.

It should also be noted that memory dumps are different.

By default, in modern operating systems such as Windows XP / Vista / 7 (we will consider only these Windows operating systems as the most common ones below), when the blue screen of death appears and you restart the computer, a debug information entry is created in the MEMORY core memory dump file. DMP. It will contain all the necessary information sufficient to diagnose the cause of the failure and prevent it in the future.

Full memory dump contains comprehensive information about system status and problems. The OS also saves this information to the MEMORY.DMP file by default.

A small memory dump can be used to create a dump file. It contains only the general system information, which is often not enough to correctly diagnose the cause of the blue screen of death error. It is only appropriate to create a small memory dump file in cases where disk space is extremely limited. Unless you're having trouble with disk space, it's best not to use a small memory dump to create a dump file.

So, by default, when Windows XP/Vista/7 crashes, it creates a memory dump file MEMORY.DMP and writes debugging information and crash parameters to it. The dump file MEMORY.DMP is then saved to the %SystemRoot% folder. Subsequently, the dump file can be sent to the developers to find out the cause of the BSoD.

Also, the user can self-configuration conservation technical information in the event of a system failure. Let's configure OS recovery options. To do this, sequentially perform the following steps:

If you are using Windows 7 or Windows Vista:

1. Go to "Start", "Control Panel" and select "System" or right-click on the "Computer" icon and select "Properties".

2. At the bottom of the left column, click "Advanced system settings".

3. Go to the "Advanced" tab.

If you have Windows XP, then do the same, except for the 2nd step.

Rice. 6. Configuring OS recovery options The new window "Boot and Recovery" presents OS boot options and actions in case of failure. Here you can choose the most suitable recovery options after BSoD. In particular, the user can select from which memory dump the dump file will be written. And also change the name of this file and the directory where it will be saved. Note that you should not change the name of the dump file if you are going to later submit it for analysis to Microsoft or other developers.

1. The problem of compatibility of computer hardware drivers, although not the only one, but the main reason why the blue screen of death appears. Therefore, you need to keep your computer device drivers up to date. And, importantly, this should be done only from the official websites of hardware manufacturers or from the websites of their partners. Otherwise, you risk getting a virus or a malfunction of the device for which the driver is intended.

2. Install software products only well-known and well-established companies that value their reputation and are responsible for the stable and uninterrupted operation of their software.

3. Be sure to download everything Latest updates programs and operating systems to eliminate incompatibilities and vulnerabilities. The blue screen of death also appears when the program cannot interact correctly with the system kernel: it can be incorrectly written code, leading, for example, to looping, or vulnerabilities through which viruses, exploits, rootkits and other infections can penetrate into the program code, capable of disabling Hardware.

4. Viruses are one of possible causes BSoD. For stable operation of the OS and programs, use good antivirus with firewall ( firewall) or a comprehensive solution of the Internet Security class.

5. If a blue screen of death error occurs and often appears, trust the solution of the problem to specialists if you yourself are not 100% sure of your abilities. There are absolutely no ads in this. The fact is that if you use licensed software, you are entitled to free technical support. In addition, in addition to Microsoft, today such services are provided, for example, by some antivirus developers.

6. When a BSoD occurs and the computer is then restarted, all unsaved data is lost. To ensure the security of your information, follow backup your data to external drives.

7. Computers, like people, are not eternal. They also get sick, grow old and die. Too old and obsolete computers can jeopardize the efficiency of your work. Moreover, the computer should give its user pleasure, and if it constantly crashes, which is more typical for PCs with experience, then there is no need to talk about it. Blue screens of death appear more often on obsolete computers, when hardware developers stop supporting their products.

8. Computers need cleaning. It is necessary not only to wipe, purge the components of the computer, but also to clean the system from piling up temporary OS files and programs, as well as other information garbage that is of no value. It is also capable of preventing BSoD.

Look again at the BSoD images at the beginning of the article. The main task of the blue screen of death is to warn the user about problems with his computer and prevent possible negative consequences. Therefore, you do not need to be afraid of BSoD, but you need to reason in this vein: blue screen of death, what to do? And then you need to work with this problem until it is fixed.

I hope, dear readers, you liked the article and it was useful. Health to you and your computer!

Yes, it's annoying. But not fatal. From the error message it is not clear what is the reason and how to fix it. But nevertheless, there is a sequence of actions and methods that should be performed first of all, since they are universal and in most cases will help in eliminating a critical error.

Problem Diagnosis

What have you changed lately

Try to remember what you changed in the computer, its configuration and settings. The most common reason is a recent change in both the software and hardware settings of the computer. This includes installing new drivers, getting OS updates.
Driver is software, which allows the equipment installed in the computer to interact with Windows and work correctly. Hardware manufacturers and developers of drivers for them cannot take into account all possible options for possible configurations of both hardware and software of the PC. In this connection, it is likely that the installed or updated driver causes a critical error.

Check your computer's internal hardware

In some cases, a bad connection, bad contacts inside the computer can cause a blue screen. Open the case and check all cable connections, make sure all wires are securely fastened, and all available hardware boards are firmly seated in their slots.
If for personal computer checking everything is not difficult, then it is more problematic for laptop owners to do this. But you can check the hard drive and RAM to make sure they are connected properly. Remove, using a small Phillips screwdriver, the removable panels at the back of the laptop, under which the hard drive and RAM or plus the motherboard are hidden, as in the photo below. Check the tightness of the plug connections.

Temperature

Check the temperature of the computer: processor, video card, hard drives. Overheating can cause equipment failure. One of the most common overheating is overheating of the graphics card. The second most likely culprit could be the CPU.
The temperature can be checked in most modern BIOSes or with special programs for windows type speedfan.

Memory check

A common cause of failures is a bad RAM bar. When RAM starts to fail, it leads to unstable system operation.
You can test your RAM using a program called "Memtest86". The program is free and free to download. You can run it by burning it to a bootable CD. You need to restart your computer and boot from the disk. Memtest will automatically start testing the computer's RAM, which may take a long time. We need to wait for the results.

Run the “CHKDSK” function used on the hard disk to scan for errors and fix possible problems. A faulty hard drive can cause a blue screen due to damaged files. To run CHKDSK, open Computer / My Computer and right-click on the drive you want to scan. Select Properties.
On the Properties screen, select the Tools tab.
Click the Check button in the Error Checking section. Your computer will ask you to restart to scan the disk.

One way to determine the cause of the failure is to narrow down the search. To do this, you need to disable everything without which the computer can work, without which it can start. Thus, if the error disappears, you will know that the reason is in one of the disconnected devices.

• To run a desktop computer, you need: a motherboard, a hard drive, a power supply, RAM, a video card, and a keyboard.
• If in motherboard there is a video connector, then we connect the monitor to it, and turn off the external (additional) video card.
• If there are several strips of RAM, then it is better to leave one of them, then alternate when loading options with different slots in the motherboard and memory sticks.
• If the PC starts without errors, then we try to connect one device at a time and start the system until an error message appears. This will allow you to know exactly which equipment is causing the failure.
• Unfortunately, this method is not applicable to laptops, there is no way to turn off devices (at least for a novice user).

Information about BSOD

Have time to read the error message

Often the computer will restart faster than you can read the error message, let alone write something down. It's all about the Windows OS settings, which are set to automatically restart.
In order to still read the message, boot into safe mode and uncheck the “ “
In short then:

1. System Properties \ Advanced System Settings
2. Advanced tab
3. Uncheck the box Perform automatic reboot

Click the Apply button and reboot the system.

If you can’t boot in safe mode, then it remains to have time to read the code on the screen (about 1 s)

Code and name of BSOD

When the blue screen appears again in front of you, then you will have plenty of time to study it on the screen, since the computer will now restart only at your initiative.

What exactly is important and needs to be rewritten from the screen is described in detail in this section.
Error code always starts with characters 0x
Always located after the STOP phrase:

Then go to the BSOD error description page and enter the written code in the search form, you will find a description of the error and possible options elimination.

BSOD solution

If the operating system cannot start, try booting into safe mode.
Safe mode- it is truncated Windows version, in which only the necessary components are left for loading, which in most cases allows you to boot during failures.
To do this, while the computer is booting, press the F8 button until the boot menu appears, in which you need to select Safe Mode with loading network drivers.
This will allow you to access Device Manager, Drivers, Startup.

Run a virus scan

Viruses and others malware can damage Windows files as a result, they can be the cause of the collapse of the system. Always use an antivirus tool. Well, if the computer does not boot, then there are two options:

1. Use virus scanners in safe mode.
2. use a LiveCD(LiveUSB) with an antivirus (this is a boot disk from which you can boot and check a non-working system on your hard drive with an antivirus). Almost every antivirus vendor also distributes a LiveCD version.

Checking the integrity of system files

Using the built-in sfc utility http: // site / sfc-exe / you need to check the integrity of all system files protected by Windows File Protection.
To do this, run the command line cmd.exe as administrator
Type cmd.exe and press Enter
In the black screen that appears (which is command line) enter sfc.exe /scannow
The system check will start and the modified files will be restored from the backup source.

Driver rollback

If the cause of the problem is hardware, the first thing to try is to roll back the drivers. Especially if before the failure you installed a new piece of hardware or new driver into the system.
This process will restore more early version driver with which the system worked without failures.

1. Open Device Manager. To do this, you can press the combination Windows keys+ Pause or open the Start menu and right-click on Computer (or on the shortcut on the desktop called My Computer). Select Properties. Then Device Manager.
2. Select the hardware whose drivers you want to rollback. It is possible to expand subgroups by clicking on the plus sign. Right-click on the hardware icon and select Properties.
3. Go to the Driver tab. Select Rollback and Confirm.
4. Try rebooting and see if that fixes the BSOD

Roll back Windows changes

If rolling back the drivers did not help, the next step is to roll back the Windows changes. In other words, this is a rollback to the state of the system when it worked correctly.
In the search bar, enter the phrase Recovery Open the found program and select the date preceding the error.
This will restore the state of the computer to the selected date, everything that you installed later or updated, all these changes will be canceled. It’s as if no one just made them, since we can say that we have returned to the past.

Not enough hard disk space

If Windows runs out of disk space on the system drive (on which it is installed) it can lead to system errors. Delete junk files and programs from the system drive, if the free space on it is less than 15% of the total.

System and driver update

If the rollback of drivers and changes does not work, you can try installing new versions of the drivers (if they have not been installed before) it is quite possible that the developers have already fixed the error and all that remains is to update.

1. Click the Start button and in the search bar type Windows Update.
2. Click check for updates.
3. Then follow the instructions.

Reinstalling Windows

The last option that you can resort to if the previous ones did not help is a complete reinstalling Windows.
Make sure all your important files are backed up in a safe place, as the hard drive will be formatted during installation and your data will be lost.

If reinstalling Windows still did not solve the problem and the blue screen still appears, then the reason is still in the equipment. You need to find and replace the faulty part of the computer.

Replacement of faulty equipment.

• On a laptop, replacing everything but the RAM or hard drive can be difficult and costly.
• If RAM tests show errors, change the bad bar.
• If the hard drive tests reveal errors, the first thing to do is to create backup your data and replace with a new hard drive.
• If the fault is in the video card, then replacing it can be expensive. And it is almost impossible to replace it in most laptops. For desktop computers everything is easier, find a working video card, replace it for a while and see how the system behaves.